定语：可以由形容词、代词、数量词、名词、副词、不定代词、介词短语等来担任。 如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就是定语从句。
The girl who is standing there is Mary.
定语从句
关系词 先行词所指 关系词在句中作用
概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的 从句叫定语从句。
The girl who is standing there is Mary.
先行词 关系词
先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。 关系词： 引导定语从句的词。
关系词
2 .作用
关系
代词 that 人/物 主、宾、表
which 物 主、宾、表、定（偶）
who 人 主、宾
whom 人 宾
whose 人/物 定
as 人/物/事情 主、宾、表
关系
副词 when 时间 时间状语
where 地点 地点状语
why 原因 原因状语
3..定语从句的分类：
（1）限定性定语从句：与先行词关系密切，如果 没有定语从句，主句含混不清，不完整，限定性定语从句与先行词之间无逗号。
（2）非限定性定语从句：是先行词的一个附加语，对先行词起进一步说明作用，如果删掉它，主句的意义仍然是完整的，非限定性定语从句与先行词之间有逗号。
如：
The man who/that came first is Mike.
I’ll never forget the day when we first met each other.
His mother does morning exercises every day, which is good for her health.
。
二、关系代词引导的定语
1.关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。
The woman is my mother. She is speaking at the meeting.
The woman that/who is speaking at the meeting is my mother. 2.判断步骤：
（1）要判断出先行词
（2）要确定关系代词（即先行词）在从句中所担任的成分
（3）要确定关系代词的人称和数
注：定语从句的时态不受主句的限制
The woman who(that) was spoken yesterday is my mother.
. 定语从句的辨认与使用
2. 思考步骤：
（1）找出先行词
a.确定关系代词的人称、数和性
b.确定从句位置（一般在先行词之后）
（2）确定关系代词在从句中所担任的成分 以确定关系代词的格
（3）确定从句时态
Do you know the boy my mother is talking to?
3. 各关系代词的使用方法
（1）who（whom）
who代人，在从句担任主语，也可代替在从句中做宾语的whom，前面不能有介词。如有介词则必用whom（结构：介词+whom）。
例如：The girl who is standing there is Mary.
She is the girl who/whom I met that day.
The doctor to whom she sent her frirend is very famous.
注：为以下情况时，who不与that通用
a.先行词为one(s)/anyone/those时,用who.
b.当先行词有较长定语时用who
I met a foreigner in the street yesterday who could asked me questions in Chinese.
c.一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是 that另一个用who.
The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.
d.在there be 开头的句中用who
(2)whose
是代词的所有格，即可代人，又可代物。
I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.
Please show me the bag whose cover is red.
(3)that
只用于限定性定语从句中，介词后不能跟that，而跟which.
His mother does morning exercises every day, which is good for her health.
在限定性定语从句中，which和that都指物时，可通用。
The picture that/which was drawn by Tom was nice.
有些情况下，只能用that，而不能用which.
先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高 级形容词时.
先行词是序数词,或它前面有一个序数词时.
主句已有疑问词who或which时
先行词既有人又有物时
先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none,the one等代词时
先行词only, any, few ,little, no, all, one of, the same , the very等词修饰时
有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词用which, 另一个用that
1.Nothing ____ can be done has been done.
2. Do you have anything ___ you don’t understand?
3.. This is the best TV ___ is made in China.
4.. The first museum ___ he visited in China was the History Museum
5.I’ve read all the books ____ you lent me.
6.The famous writer and his works ___ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.
7.. A victim is a person, animal or thing ___ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.
8.Who ___ you have ever seen can do it better ?
9. Her bag ,in _____ she put all her money, has been stolen.
10. This is the ring on _____ she spent 1000 dollars.
11. Xiao Wang ,with _____ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.
(4)which
在非限定性定语从句中，只用which，不用that.
在限定性定语从句中，只用which，而不用that的情况。
a.关系代词前有介词时
This is the hotel in which you will stay.
b.如果有两个定语从句，其中一句的 关系词是that，另一句用which.
Let me show you the book that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
（5）关系代词与介词
1. 当介词放在关系代词前时，介词宾语只能用which代物，whom代人。且关系代词一律不能省略。
例如：I want to find the pen with which I wrote that letter.
2.介词在末尾时，可用that/which（代物），that/whom/who（代人）做介词的宾语，切这个介词宾语的关系代词往往省略。
例如：The man whom/who/that/可省 he wants to see is in Shanghai.
(6)whose的用法
The river _____ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.
There are in this class 20 students, ______ are different.
A.whose backgrounds
B. The backgrounds of whom
C.of whom the backgrounds
D.the backgrounds of whose
7）关系代词的省略
1. 条件：只在限定性定语从句中可省略。
2. 情况：
a.关系代词在从句中担任动词宾语时
b.在从句中做介词的宾语，且介词在句尾
例如：Here is the man that you have been looking for.
c.关系代词在从句中做表语时
例如：Shanghai is no longer the city which it used to be.
d.在there be句型中，先行词是way时，关系代词省略。 例：I don’way (that)you talk to me.
三、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词是用来引导定语从句的
作用：
（1）在定语从句中替代先行词
（2）在从句中担任状语成分，起副词和介词短语的作用
（3）起连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的主从复合句
关系副词：where/when/why.
各关系代词的用法：
t like the where的用法：
表……的地方，修饰场所、方位名词。
This is the house. I was born in the house.
=This is the house where I was born.
先行词 关系副词
=This is the house which I was born in.
=This is the house in which I was born.
注：关系副词可等于”介词+关系副词“
2. when的用法：
表……的时候，修饰日子年代等名词。
We will never forget the day when join the party.
3. why的用法：
表……的原因，……的理由。
The reason why I called is to invite you to a party.
注：区分与关系代词的区别，只要在定语从句中担任状语的，就是关系副词。
四、由as引导的定语从句
1.as可作为关系代词和关系副词来引导定语从句。
such … as…“像……一样的”，“像……之类”
the same…as…“和……同样的
在着两个句型中，as是关系代词，其中such&same做定语，修饰主句的名词、代词，这个名词是这个定语从句的先行词，as在从句中担任主、宾、表。
例如：This is the same thing as we are in need of.
Such people as you say are short now.
2. …such as…
such为代词，意思为”这样的人/物“，as修饰先行词such。
例如：This book is not such as I hope.
3. the same…as…/the same… that… “用一个”
as that都引导定语从句。意思几乎相同。但从句中省去谓语是必须用as.
例如：She is the same age as you
that you are.
4. …,as… “有些”
在这里，as引导非限定性定语从句，相当于which引导的非限定性定语从句，有时可互换。
例如：He is from Beijing, as/which they know from the way he speaks
The earth is round, __ we all know.
___ is known to all, the earth is round
__ is known to all that the earth is round.(定语从句在句首时只能用as, as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的)
This is the same book as I lost. 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。
This is the same book that I lost.这本书就是我丢的那本。
This is such an interesting book __ we all like.
This is so interesting a book __ we all like.
这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书
This is such an interesting book ____ we all like it.
This is so interesting a book ____we all like it.
这本书如此有趣, 大家都喜欢。
(结果状语从句)
1. It is very useful to master a foreign language, _____ has been said before.
2. everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize.
as引导定语从句可放在句首, 句中, 句末, 而which 引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为正如, 好像。which 则没有此义。
五. 1.when, where, why与that, which的区别
I’ll never forget the day _____ we first met in the park.
2) I’ll never forget the time _________ I spent with you.
3) I’ll never forget the time _________ was spent with you.
4) This is the museum _________I visited last year.
指时间, 地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。
This is the reason ________ ( = for which) I didn’t come here.
The reason _________ she gave was not true.
.2. 定语从句中的谓语动词
1.He is the only one in his class who ___ (have) got the teacher’s praise
2.He is one of the students in his class who ____ (have) got the teacher’s prais
关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词
.3.如何判断介词
1) 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配
This is the book ___ which you asked
注意: 动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前
The old man whom I am looking after is better.
六.注意事项
1. what不引导定语从句
I want to give you what I have.(宾语从句）
2. 先行词被the same 修饰时，关系代词既可用that, 也可用as.但意义不同，前者表示“同一的”，后者表示“同样的”。
3. 关系副词when/where/why其含义相当于on which/in which/for which等可交替使用。
如：The day when/on which I met him first was May 1st.
4.当先行词为专有名词或整个句子是世界上独一无二的名词时，一般用非限定性定语从句修饰。
例如：The sun, which gives us light, is very big.
七.who which when where whose
1. Mencius wrote a book _____ many people have read.
2. Mencius came form a part of the world _____ change was happening fast.
3. This was a period ____ many people became interested in Confucius’s
teachings.
4. Mozi was a man _____ behavior was often unusual.
5. Mozi was a teacher _____ principles were different from those of Confucius.
6. It was a time ____ philosophers could have positions in governments.
7. He came from an area _____ people were very poor.
Fill in the blanks with proper words in the following sentences.
1.He lives in a house _______________windows all face
the north.
2. He is a very kind-hearted man, ___________is always ready to help others.
3.She has two daughters, both of ____________work as engineers in an institutes.
4. He is wearing such a strange coat ___________will make everyone laugh at the sight of it.
5. This is the most interesting story ___________he’s ever heard.
6. The first thing __________we must do is to mend those shoes.
7. October 1 st, 1949 is the day ___________New China was founded.
8. We paid a visit to the village ____________Mao Zedong was born.
9. Can you tell me the reason ___________he was late?
10. Last month we went to a chemical works, ____________was set up in the 1960s and __________my father has worked for dozens of years.
11. The girl _____________I met yesterday is a well-known dancer.
12. Our children like the story ______________is now being told on the radio.
13. I will never forget the days ___________we spent together.
14. Nobody wants the house_________ roof has fallen in.
15. I will never forget the days______ I worked together with you.
定语从句练习题
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. Which B. where C. what D. in which
2.Do you know the man _______?
A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke
3.This is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed
4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A. which B. that C. when D. on which
5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.
A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where B. to which C. which D. in which
7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.
A. where B. that C. which D. there
8.This is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked
9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked B. which you talked
C. about that you talked D. that you talked
10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which
11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.
A. whom B. who C. which D. that
12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.
A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom
13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?
A. who B. who's C. which D. whose
14.I'm interested in ______you have said.
A. all that B. all what C. that D. which
15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.
A. which B. who C. what D. as
16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.
A. who B. whom C. that D. as
17.He is good at English, ______we all know.
A. that B. as C. whom D. what
18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.
A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him
19.I don't like ______ as you read.
A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels
20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the scho
九、英语定语从句专项练习
单项填空
1．I think you’re got to the point_______ a change is needed, otherwise you’ll fail.
A. when B. that C. where D. which
2．The hours _______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.
A. when B. that C. in which D. on which
3．Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes________ people were eaten by the tiger.
A. that B. by which C. which D. in which
4．There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
5．______ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.
A. Which B. When C. What D. As
6．______ is reported in the newspaper,talks between the two countries are making progress.
A.It B.As C.That D.What
7．There are many people_________ only on-line activity is sending and receiving e-mails.
A.who B.that C.which D.whose
8．EBay,Amazon and Walgoods to each other.
Mart are popular websites_______people can sell
A.where B.which C.when D.whose
9．On his 10th birthday.Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _____he believes that he can go to the wild.
A.which B.from what which D.that
C.through
10．I hope________the little _____I have been able to do has been of some use.
A.that;that B./;by which which
C.what;what D./;with
11．The farmers use wood to build a house______to store grains all the year around.
A.with which B.to which C.which D.in which
12．This was a film_________ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys.
A.which B.when C.in which D.there
13．The thought of going home to his family was allkept him happy while he was working abroad.
A.that B.what C.those D.which
14．A container weighs more after air is put in_____proves that air has weight.
A.as B.it C.that D.which
15．—Can you tell me where Peter lives?
—Over there.The two storey house, _____there is a garden.
A.near it B.from which D.in front of which
C.in front of it
16．Miss Green took up the story at the point______the thief had just made off with the jewels.
A.where B.which C.as D.when
17．—Why does she always ask you for help?
—There is no one else_______ ,is there?
A.who to turn to B.she can turn to C.for whom to turn D.for her to turn
18．The year before last,part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods,from _____effects the people are still suffering.
A.that B.whose C.those D.what
19．Nowadays teenagers like to go to fast food restaurants, ___ as the name suggests,eating doesn’t take much time.
A.who B.where C.which D.what
20．Later I want to return home but couldn’t find a company ________I could use_____I had learnt.
A.where;that B.where;what C.when;what D.that;that
21．Government reports,legal papers and most business letters are the main situations ________ English is used.
A.when B.that C.how D.where
22．We hope the measures to control house prices，__________ are taken by the government，will succeed.
A.as B.when C.since D.after
23．The boy the teachers considered _______ failed in the final exam, surprised them very much.
A.to be the best；which B.as the best student；that
C.to have been studying well；it D.such as a good student；which
24．The president,together with his bodyguards, _______ to the nuclear station _______ there was an accident 20 minutes ago.
A.have come；which B.came；in which
C.has come；where D.come；in which
25．Is there a gas station around____________________ I can get some petrol?
A.which B.what
C.where D.that
26．There was_________ time________ I hated to go to school.
A.a；that B.a；when
C.the；that D.the；when
27．It was in the very house _______ was built with stones _______ he spent his childhood.
A.that；that B.that；where
C.which；that D.which；where
28．These wild flowers are so special I would do ______I_______ them.
A.what；can save B.all what；can to save
C.what；can to save D.everything；can save
29．I shall never forget those years _______I lived in the country with farmers,________has a great effect on my life.
A.that；which B.when；which
C.which；that D.when；who
30.Just like a voyage at sea,our life journey, _______ days are limited,is full of difficulties.
A. that B. which C. it D. whose
高中总复习英语定语从句专项练习卷参考答案
1．答案：C 解析：where在此处引导定语从句。
2．答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句。that引导的定语从句又在从句中作spend的宾语。
3．答案：D 解析：由四个选项知该空格应填入定语从句的引导词，此句意义为：people
were eaten by the tiger in the scene，所以先行词scene应该与介词in搭配。
4．答案：A 解析：关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰trousers，并在定语从句中作地点状语。全句意思为：在她擦手的裤子上留下了污迹。
5．答案：D
解析：从句意看，本题考查定语从句的用法，故首先排除C项。由于when在定语从句中只能作时间状语，而题干中的定语从句缺主语，因而排除B项；as与which引导非限制性定语从句时，which引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后，而as引导的定语从句可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，其中as表示“正如……那样”。as is often the case为固定词组，意为“这是常用的事；正如常见的情形”。全句意思为“正如平常一样，我们已经制订出了工作计划”。最佳答案D。
6．答案：B 解析：由题干的结构及内容看，逗号之前，应为非限制性定语从句，故选B项。全句意思为：“正如报纸上报道的那样，两国之间的谈判取得了进展。”若选A项，此句应为：It is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two...若选D项，此句应为：What is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two...
7．答案：D 解析：whose谁的，“有许多人，他们的上网活动只是发送和接收电子邮件。”
8．答案：A解析：考查定语从句。where引导的定语从句，在从句中作状语。
9．答案：C解析：考查定语从句。through为介词提前，构成go to the wild
through...。
10．答案：A解析：句子成分分析。第一个that引导宾语从句，第二个that引导定语从句，修饰the little。
11．答案：D解析：考查定语从句和省略。句中省略了they want;in which引导定语从句在从句中作地点状语。
12．答案：C解析：“在这部电影中”斯皮尔伯格用了真实的演员而不是玩具，故用in which引导定语从句。
13．答案：A
解析：考查定语从句。all 为先行词，关系代词用that。
14．答案：D解析：考查非限制性定语从句； which引导非限制性定语从句指代前面整句话的意义。
15．答案：D解析：考查非限制性定语从句。in front of which“在……的前面”。
16．答案：A解析：考查定语从句。where引导定语从句修饰先行词 at the point。
17．答案：B解析：考查定语从句及省略。完整形式为： There is no one else (that/who)she can turn to;turn to sb.求助于某人。
18．答案：B解析：题意是“前年，东南亚部分地区遭遇了洪水灾害，至今人们还在
受此影响”。由题中的逗号可以判定出句子的后半部分是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是floods。从句子的结构可看出，定语从句中只缺少定语，也就是说，先行词在从句中充当定语，所以引导词要用whose。
19．答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句；where引导定语从句，又在从句中作地点状语。
20．答案：B解析： where引导定语从句,what引导宾语从句。“在公司里我可以用到我所学的知识”。
21．答案：D解析：where引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，相当于in which。
22．答案：A解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”，并在定语从句中作主语。
23．答案：A解析：后半句为非限制性定语从句，which指代前一分句的内容consider sb to be。
24．答案：C解析：含有 together with的介词短语只对主语起补充说明作用，对谓语动词不产生任何影响。where引导定语从句，where在从句中作状语。
25．答案：C解析：本题考查定语从句。关系副词在定语从句中作地点状语。本句中around作定语修饰a gas station。
26．答案：B 解析：本题考查冠词和定语从句的用法。time作“次数”解时，后接关系代词that引导的定语从句，即：This/It is the first/second...time that+从句；time
作“一段时光（时期）”解时，其前用不定冠词，其后接关系副词when引导的定语从句，构成：There was/is a time when...。故选B。全句意思为：有这么一段时间，我不想去上学。
27．答案：A 解析：第二空是强调句型，强调的是状语in the very house。house后是定语从句，从句缺少主语，用that或which引导；由于house前有the very修饰，故只能用that引导。
28．答案：C 解析：在sb.do what one can to do结构中what one can是宾语从句，what后不可再使用关系代词；在sb.do everything/all(that)one can to do中，that one can是定语从句，该从句中只能使用关系代词that，everything/all that等于what；在以上结构中can后省略了动词do，动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。
29．答案：B 解析：第一个定语从句缺时间状语，因此第一空应该使用关系副词when；第二个定语从句缺主语，关系代词指代前面整句话，因此用which引导非限制性定语从句。
30．答案：D解析：考查定语从句。whose引导非限制性定语从句，whose指代our life journey，在从句中作定语修饰days。
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