自考英语(二)最新复习资料

大学英语自学教程（上册）课程

自 学 辅 导 材 料

配套教材：《大学英语自学教程》（上册） 主 编： 高 远 出 版 社： 高等教育 版 次： 1999年版 适用层次： 本 科

内部教学使用

目 录

UNIT ONE 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4 UNIT TWO 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„8 UNIT THREE 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„10 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„10 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„12 UNIT FOUR 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„14 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„14 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„17 UNIT FIVE 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„18

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重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„19 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„21 UNIT SIX 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„23 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„23 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„24 UNIT SEVEN 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„26 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„26 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„27 UNIT EIGHT 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„29 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„30 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„31 UNIT NINE 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„32 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„33 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„34 UNIT TEN 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„35 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„36

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复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„37 UNIT ELEVEN 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„39 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„40 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„41 UNIT TWELVE 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„42 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„43 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„44 UNIT THIRTEEN 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„45 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„46 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„48 UNIT FOURTEEN 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„49 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„50 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„51 UNIT FIFTEEN 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„52 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„53 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„53

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UNIT SIXTEEN 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„54 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„55 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„56 UNIT SEVENTEEN 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„56 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„57 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„58 UNIT EIGHTEEN 内容提要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„58 重点和难点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„59 复习思考题„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„60

TEST PAPER (1) „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„62 TEST PAPER (2) „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„72 KEYS „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„83

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Unit One

内容提要: Aims Words Text A conversely,similar,independent,communicate,inexact, incomplete, regularly Text B instance,deaf,dumb,traveler,primitive,simply not only...but also, neither ...nor, consist of Phrases first of all, depend on/upon, be willing to do sth, be/feel interested in sth, instead of, be different from , Structures 1. as„as sb can 2.It is +adj.+ for sb to do sth. 3.practice doing 4.have been doing 5.be+V-ing+when -clause Grammar 1. parts of speech 2. Members of the sentence 重点和难点 Text A

1. conversely : ad. 相反地

You can add the water to the powder or, conversely, the powder to the water. 可以将水加到粉末里，或者相反，将粉末加到水里。 2. similar ：a. 相似的，类似的，与...相似 They have similar academic views. 他们持有相同的学术观点。

3. independent ：a. 独立的，不受约束的，自主的 She’s perfectly independent of her husband. 她完全不依赖其丈夫而生活。

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4. depend on/upon ： 依赖，依靠，依„ 而定， 取决于 1) She depends on washing clothes for a living. 她靠给别人洗衣服为生。 2) a man to be depended on

3) Good health depends on good food,exercise and getting enough sleep. 5.communicate:通讯，交流，交际，传达，传播

1）My garden communicates with the one next door by means of a gate. 我的花园有道门与邻家的相通。

2) They have communicated with each other by mail for two years. 我们彼此通信以有两年之久。 6.first of all 首先，第一

First of all,you must find out what’s wrong with the computer. 首先，你必须查出计算机出了什么毛病。 7.be willing to do sth 愿意，乐意干„

I’m willing to go to the concert with you. 我愿意和你一起去听音乐会。 8.instead of : 代替，而不

1）I have to finish my work instead of going out. 我必须完成工作，不能外出。 2) Miss Wang will go instead of you. 王小姐将代替你去。

3) We’ll have tea in the garden instead of in the house. 我们将在花园里喝茶而不在房子里。 Compare: instead ：代替，更替（副词）

1） If your umbrella is not good enough, take this one instead.

如果你的雨伞不好用，因此我找了另一把来代替。

2) This skirt is too dirty, so I find another one instead.

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这条裙子太脏了，因此我找了另一条来代替。 9. It is + adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事„

其中it 是形式宾语，而真正的宾语是不定式短语to do sth.。该句型是为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻。

It is important for us to learn English well. Is it necessary for Mary to be so economical?

Text B

1.When we want to tell other people what we think, we can do it not only with the help of words, but also in many other ways.

此句中“what we think”即“我们所想的事”，是由what 引导的宾语从句做tell的宾语。 not only。。。but （also）。。。： 不但。。。而且 并列连词：连接两个并列对等的成分。

— Not only my sister but also my parents are teachers. （并列主语 ） 不但我姐姐，而且我父母都是老师。

— The books is not only interesting but also instructive. （并列表语 ）

这本书不但有趣而且还富有教育性

— He not only read the book but also remembered what he had read . （并

列谓语 ）

他不但读过这本书，并且记得此书的内容。

— Not only is he himself interested in the subject but all his students are

beginning to show an interest in it. （连接两个分句）

不仅他本人对这学科话题感兴趣，而且他的所有学生都对该学科开始表示感兴趣。 类似的有： both...and, either...or, not...but, neither...nor

2. The Englishman, who was very hungry by this time and not at all thirty,

looked very sad.

此句主干是“The Englishman looked sad”其中“looked sad”是系动词look后面接表语sad （形容词）的系表结构。

另外 who 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰主语Englishman，对先行词进行补充说明。 — Yesterday I happened to see Mary, who was eager to have a talk with you.

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昨天我碰巧见到玛丽，她急于和你谈谈。

3. Consist of : be made up of; be composed of 由...组成 （不用于进行时） — The committee consists of ten members.

这委员会由十位委员组成。 Compare:

Consist in : lie in 在于

— Happiness consists in trying to do one’s duty.

幸福在于尝试履行自己的责任。

复习思考题

I . Vocabulary and Structure

1. Language ____ words which we put together into sentences. A. including B. consist in

C. consists of D. is consisted of [ ] 2. You ____ finish the job, now that we have got so far with it. A. might well B. might do well

C. might well to D. might do well to [ ] 3. Some people think language learning is very difficult. ____ , some people think it is very easy. A. At once B. Converse C. Conversely D. Then [ ] 4. First of all, China is a ____ country.

A. develop B. developed C. developing D. in developing [ ] 5. It ____ for a whole month.

A. is raining B. raining C. has raining D. has been raining [ ] 6. You will never be able to enter that university ____ you get very high scores in the entrance examination. A. if B. until C. unless D. otherwise [ ]

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7. I turned the record ____ to see what was on the other side.

A. over B. in C. down D. along [ ] 8. Language learning is ____ from other kinds of learning. A. differ B. difficult C. different D. difference [ ] 9. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or____. A. incomplete B. unnecessary C. correct D. meaningful [ ] 10. I is___ for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word. A. less important B. more important

C. least important D. most important [ ]

II．Word Spelling

1. 保证，担保，保修 n./vt. g______ 2. 目的，意图，用途 n. p______ 3. 整齐地，经常地 ad. r______ 4. 精确的，正确的 a. e______ 5. 类似的，相似的 a. s______

III. Word Form

1. He didn’t want to ____ (independent) on his parents, so he made a living by

selling newspapers. 2. He put down his ____ (complete) composition and went out to play football. 3. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to ____ (communica-

tion) with these people and learn from them.

4. When this man saw the waiter, he ____ (put) his hands on his stomach.

IV. Translation from Chinese into English

1. 成功的语言学习者在许多方面有共同之处。 2. 鹦鹉能模仿人说话。

3. 对初学者来说，学习用英语思维很难。

4. 我们应当设法寻找问题的答案，而不是等待老师的解释。

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Unit Two

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A tax, generally, earn, item, figure, confuse, protest, program, issue Phrases be/feel sure of sth, have a (the) corner (on) sth, (be) similar (in) to do sth, tend to (do sth ) Text B Attract,constantly,leisure, Identify,approve,involve, Put up with, be responsible for ,decide on , be involved in, Structures No more than Grammar Basic sentence patterns 重点和难点

Text A

1. confuse vt. 使混乱，混淆

The teacher always confuses the twins. 老师总是把那对双胞胎搞混。 confused a. 困惑的，烦恼的

I was confused at his words. 他的话使我感到困惑。 2. agree on (sth): 取得一致意见

After discussion they have agreed on the terms of contract.

agree to : 同意，答应，允诺 He agreed to my proposal. agree with (sb) : 与某人看法相同

I agree with you that his acting is simply marvelous. 3. be/feel sure of sth, (对。。。)确信的；确定。。。

（1） I’m not sure of her address. 我不太清楚她的地址。

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（2） Tom will help us, but I’m not sure of Bill.

汤姆会帮我们的，但是比尔我就没把握了。

4. have a (the) corner (on) sth 垄断。。。

The government has made a corner in buying of wheat and cotton. 政府垄断了小麦和棉花的收购市场。

5. (be) similar (in) to do sth 和...在...方面类似的，和...在...方面同样的

The twins are similar in appearance to each other. 这对双胞胎外貌很相似。

6. tend to (do sth ) 易于...的，有...的趋势

（1） Prices tend to go up recently. 最近，物价有上涨的趋势。 （2） In winter the sea tends to be very rough. 在冬天海上易起风浪。

Text B

1. no more than 仅仅

I have no more than five dollars. 我只有5美元而已。 2. identify ...with 把...和...等同起来

He identifies beauty with goodness. 他认为美即是善。 3. as well as 除...之外（也），和， 以及 （1） He speaks Spanish as well as English

他不但会讲英语，也会讲西班牙语。

（2） His children as well as his wife were invited to the party.

不但他太太，连他的孩子们都被邀请参加了那次聚会。

4. put up with sb/sth 忍受，容忍

（1）I can’t put up with her any more. 我再也忍受不了她了。

（2）Television viewers have to put up with lots of ads on TV every day. 电视观众每天都要忍受大量的电视广告。 5. decide on 决定，选定

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（1）They decide on selling their house. 他们决定卖掉他们的房子。 （2）We’ve decided on a trip to Europe next month. 我们已决定下个月去欧洲旅行。

6. be involved in 与...有关联，参与，介入

（1）Don’t involve me in your trouble. 别把我卷入你的纠纷。 （2）She is deeply involved in debt. 她债台高筑。

复习思考题

I．Vocabulary and Structure

1. Some states have an income tax similar to ____ of the federal government. A. this B. that C. these D. those [ ] 2. He ____ get angry when people disagree with him.

A. insist to B. insist on C. tend D. tends to [ ] 3. ____ the high cost of taxes, people are not very happy on April 15, when the federal taxes are due. A. On B. Under C. With D. By [ ] 4. She seems very sure ____ herself, but she isn’t really.

A. to B. for C. of D. in [ ] 5. I am surprised to see the ____ things.

A. confuse B. confused C. confusing D. confusion [ ] 6. The message itself is usually short, often no more than a slogan which the

public identifies with the ____ .

A. produce B. production C. productivity D. product [ ] 7. A red pencil-mark on the fifth page ____ his eye.

A. catch B. caught C. took D. take [ ] 8. The group has ____ six people .

A. no more than B. not more than C. no more with D. no longer with [ ]

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9. Some states use income tax ____ sales tax to raise their revenues.

A. with regard to B. in search of C. to combine with D. in addition to [ ] 10. How ____ in such a short time?

A. all this can be done B. all can this be done C. can all this be done D. this all can be done [ ]

II. Word Spelling

1. 基金，专款 n. f______ 2. 拿薪水的 a. s______ 3. 经常地， 不断地 ad. c______ 4. 特定的，特殊的 a. p_______ 5. 有吸引力的 a. a_______ 6. 不同的，相异的 a. d_______ 7. 抱怨 vt./vi. c_______ 8. 加法，附加物 n. a_______ 9. 章节，部分 n. s_______ 10. 估计，估价 vt. e_______

III. Word Form

1. It ____ (rain) hard when we left yesterday.

2. Many people feel that the United States leads the world with the ___ (bad)taxes.

3. She said the party ____ (postpone) till next Friday.

4. _____ (general) speaking, success belongs to those who have great ambitions. 5. The message is usually short, often no more than a slogan which the public ____ (identify) with the product.

IV. Translation from Chinese into English

1. 做广告仅仅是整个促销活动的一部分。 2. 销售税类似于所得税。 3. 美国大体上有三级政府。 4. 美国人总是抱怨税收太高。

5. 有工资收入的人必须把工资的一定百分比缴纳所得税。

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Unit Three

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A Text B Unwilling,equator,range ,vessel,becalm remain,observation,merely, Flow, highway, float ,affect, current reflect, absolutely, uncomfortable, inhabitant, Phrases Separate from, keep from, on the average Except for, to keep„ in mind,light up,speak of Structures 1.as„as, 2.It takes sb.some time/money/efforts to do„ 3. nothing but Grammar 构词法 重点和难点

Text A

1.unwilling a.不情愿的，不情愿的

He who is not bright and unwilling to study hard will never make considerable progress in English . 一个人如果不聪明又不愿意努力学习将永远不会在英语上取得进步。 Willing a.心甘情愿的

I’m willing to concede that I have hurt her, but that’s not my real intention. 我可以承认我是伤害了她，但那并不是我的本意。 2.equator n.赤道

Usually the region around the earth’s equator is the hottest in the world. 通常，地球赤道周围的区域是世界上最热的地方。 equation n.相等，平衡，方程式，等式

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This is a differential equation that we have learnt before. 这个微分方程我们早就学过了。

3. range n. 山脉，幅度，范围;vi. 在一定范围内变动,变化；vt.使排列成行

（1）His article deals with Chinese educational problems, ranging from all round education to testing system. 他的文章讨论了中国的教育制度，内容涉及从全方位教育到考试制度等问题。 （2）Prices ranged from 5dollars to 10dollars. 价格自五美元至十美元不等。

4. separate from:使从„分离，分开，隔开

1）Separate the good ones from the bad.把好的与坏的分开。 2) England is separated from France by the Channel. 英国和法国被英吉利海峡分开。 5. as adj./adv. as :与„一样

1）The classroom is twice as large as that one. 2) It is not as/so big as you think it is. 它没有你想象的那么大。

6. It would take ocean about 4000 years to dry up.

It takes sb./sth some time/money /efforts to obtain the data. 我要花很多时间/钱/精力才能得到资料。

7. on the average : 平均，按平均数计算，平均来说，一般来说 On the average, we walked 35 miles a day during the journey. 旅行中我们平均每天走35 英里。

Text B

1.except for：除..之外；除去；撒开；只是 ---Your essay is good except for the spelling. Cf.:except/except that

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---Everybody understood except me.

---She knew nothing about his journey except that he was likely to be away for three months. 2.to keep„in mind: remember it 记住 3.light up: 使明亮；使容光焕发

---Only those part of the moon which are lighted up by the sun are bright. 4.nothing but：不过，仅仅

---My breakfast is nothing but a piece of bread. 我的早餐只有一片面包。

复习思考题

I. Vocabulary and Structure

1. Artists could make their pictures better if they _____this ____ only those parts of the moon which are lighted up by the sun are bright.

A. had...in heart B. Kept...in mind C. bore...in brain D. maintain...in memory [ ] 2. The Ocean is more than 4000 miles ____ .

A. wider B. widest C. wide D. in wide [ ] 3. Women make ____ only two_thirds of what men earn. A. on the average B. on the whole

C. on the way D. by and large [ ] 4. We now have ____ fast ways of traveling that this big ocean seems to have grown smaller. A. so B. such C. so a D. such a [ ] 5. He ____ comes to school to see his daughter.

A. occasion B. occasional C. occasionally D. with occasion [ ] 6. ____ the sun, the moon looks the biggest object in the sky.

A. Except for B. Except C. But D. Besides [ ]

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7. I do not wish to ____ your sincerity.

A. reflect B. reflect on C. reflect in D. reflect about [ ] 8. This book speaks ____ the author’s childhood.

A. out B. about C. of D. on [ ] 9. One of the longest mountain ranges of the word ____ from the floor of the Atlantic. A. rises B. raises C. lifts D. arises [ ] 10. The part of the moon ____ away from the sun appears bright.

A. faces B. faced C. face D. facing [ ]

II. Word Spelling

1. 使平静， 使安静 vt. b_____ 2. 地区，区域 n. r_____ 3. 冰山 n. i_____ 4. 完全地，绝对地 ad. a_____ 5. 不情愿的，不愿意的 a. u_____ 6. 小河， 溪流 n. s_____ 7. 注意，观察物 n. o_____ 8. 不停地，频频地 ad. c_____

III. Word Form

1. Many wrong ideas about the Atlantic made early sailors ____ to sail far out into it. (unwillingly) 2. My wife, together with my daughter, ____ (go) to school at seven every day. 3. I’m sorry you will be ____ (separate) from her. 4. I want to know when you ____ (finish) the article.

5. The old moon in the new moon’s arms is the dark part of the moon’s surface that we can see by the light ____ from the earth. (come)

IV. Translation from Chinese into English

1. 大西洋似乎变小了一样。 2. 大西洋只有太平洋的一半大。 3. 早期的海员不愿意横跨大西洋航行。 4. 月球本身并不发光。

5. 月球与地球之间的距离保持不变。

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Unit Four

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A Basic principle organization rhyme jumble categorize accurately memorize Integrated preserve Phrases Focus on make sense make a difference Needless to say refer„to relate„to Associate„with Structures 1.With + n.+V-ed/V-ing/prep.Phrase(独立结构)；2.suggest that +... （should）do (虚拟语气)； 建议 Grammar 动词的时态 Text B Recall,contrast，dial,interrupt, Psychologist, apparatus, release Reward,interval,represent,advanced, alike,method,system In contrast, look up, be unable, turn on /off 重点和难点

Text A

1.basic a.基本的

Basic subjects such as math, English and history are important. 数学、英语和历史等这些基础学科很重要。

base n.底部，基础，基地，基础；vi.以„作为基础，基于„ Opinions should be based on facts.观点必须以事实为依据。 2.principle n.原则

The major principle of our transaction is respect for each other. 我们做生意的主要原则是相互尊重。

principal n.负责人，校长；a.主要的，首要的

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The principle spoke with disapproval of your words and actions. 校长谈到你的言行时很不赞成。 3.organzation n.组织

The Red Cross organization has organized many activities to help the poor. 红十字会组织了很多活动去帮助穷人。 organ n.器官，元件

The eyes are the organs of sight.眼睛是视觉器官。 4.rhyme n.押韵，韵

Rhyme is essential in poem writing.写诗必须押韵。 rhythm n.节奏

They danced in quick rhythm.他们以很快节奏跳舞。 5.jumble n.混杂，搞乱；v.混杂

（1）Jumbled information often makes others confused. 混杂的信息令人糊涂。

（2）The papers in the office were all in jumble.办公室里的文件杂乱无章。 6.categorze v.分类

It is hard to categorize people into good citizens and bad guys in reality. 现实生活中很难把人们分成好人和坏人。 category n.种类，类别；范畴

This book falls into the category of reference book. 这本书属于参考书的范围。 7.accurately ad.准确地，正确地

Pronouncing the English words accurately is not that easy. 准确发出英语单词的音不是那么容易。 accurate a.正确地，准确地

She gave an accurate account of the accident. 她对事故做了准确的描述。

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Text B

1.focus （our‘s attention, thoughts, efforts）on„ 集中（注意力、思想、努力）于„上

（1）Focus your efforts on the most important work.

把你的努力集中于最总要的工作上。

（2）All our thoughts were focused on the coming summer vacation. 我们全部的思绪都集中到了即将到来的暑假上。 2.make sense 有意义

（1）What you say makes no sense.你的话毫无意义。

（2）Dose this paragraph of your composition make any sense？ 你作文的这一段有什么意义吗？ 3.to make a difference 造成影响

Does it make any difference to you in visiting the zoo on Saturday or on Sunday? 周六去动物园还是周日去，对你有影响吗？ 4.needless to say:不用说

5.refer to:提到，涉及，适用于；查阅，参考 6.relate „ to:与„有关

7.associate„with:与„联系在一起;与„常在一起；与„结交 8.compared with 比较 9.in contrast:成对比

--His white hair is in sharp contrast to his dark skin. 他的白发与他的黑皮肤构成鲜明的对比。 10.turn on/off:打开，开启，利用/关闭

--She‘s fond of turning on her charm.她喜欢利用她的美色去影响别人。

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复习思考题

Ⅰ. Vocabulary and Structure

1. _____, the subjects listened to a recording of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English.

A. Begin B. To begin C. Beginning D. Beginning with [ ] 2. Forming an integrated image with all the information placed in a single mental picture can help us to _____ a memory.

A. protect B. protest C. preserve D. proceed [ ] 3. With a burning glass, we focused the sunlight _____ some dry grass to make a fire.

A. to B. on C. towards D. up [ ] 4. Henning’s results suggest that beginning students _____ the sound of words in their short-term memory.

A. should hold B. held C. holden D. are holding [ ] 5. Information in long-term memory can be _____ at a later time when it is needed. A. reminded B. remembering C. recalled D. reflected [ ] 6. He wished to forget everything _____ with his life in the past.\\]

A. associate B. associates C. associating D. associated [ ] 7. Focus your attention _____ your work.

A. in B. on C. with D. to [ ] 8. The researcher always turned on the light in a _____ order.

A. sample B. continual C. unusual D. random [ ] 9. Organization also _____ in our ability to remember. A. make a difference B. make difference

C. differs D. makes a difference [ ] 10. The whole account of these incident doesn’t _____ . A. make sense of B. talk sense

C. make sense D. make a sense [ ]

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Ⅱ. Word spelling

1.组织；团体 n. o_____ 2.富有意义的 a. m_____ 3.能力，能耐 n. a_____ 4.智力的；精神的 a. m_____ 5.间隔；工间休息 n. i_____ 6.分类 vt. c_____ 7.准确地，精确地 ad. a_____ 8.打断，打扰 vt./vi. i_____

Ⅲ.Word Form

1. Henning’s _____ (find) suggest that beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, while advanced students hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory.

2. He was _____ (reward) with the first prize because of the hard work. 3. Beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, while _____ (advance) students hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory. 4. I can’t remember the information that doesn’t make any _____ (sense) to me. 5. Those subjects using imagery remembered 80 to 90 percent of the words, _____ (comparison) with 30 to 40 percent of the words for those who memorized by repetition.

Ⅳ. Translation from Chinese into English

1.为了改善记忆，人们需要把记忆的东西组织起来。 2.记忆有两种:短期记忆和长期记忆。

3.不必说，了解这些原理的工作方法是很有用的。 4.联想有助于提高人的记忆力。

5.不用说，第二个词表比第一个词表更容易记忆。

Unit Five

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A Fallacy, quality, savage, civilized, root, overseas, juice, acid, chiefly, Text B Engage, grave, arrange, scarcely, imitate, instinct, variety 18

Phrases Be eager to do sth., substitute A great deal, be true with, for, to have „ to do with, to engage in, be true of, as if, think of„as search for, take care of, speak of Structures 1.as„as,2.be supposed to3. „hard-working as they are,„(让步状语从句)，4.It is„that(强调句型)，5.It is no use in doing sth.,6.Nor is this all(部分倒装) Grammar 倒装句型和强调句型 重点和难点

Text A

1.fallacy n.谬论，错误的信念；谬误的推理，谬论

There are several fallacies in the statement of the philosopher. 这个哲学家的陈述中有几处谬误。 2.quality n,质量；品质，特性

He’s not interested in quality. All he cares about is making money. 他对质量不感兴趣。他关心的就是赚钱。 qualify v.使„合格，使具有资格

（1）Those who are well educated can be qualified to apply for the post. 受过良好教育的人才有资格申请这个职位。 (2) Do you think you are qualified for the honor? 你觉得你哦与资格得到这个荣誉吗？ qualification n.资格，条件

The admission qualification for this university is very strict. 这所大学的入学资格是很苛刻的。

3.savage a.野蛮的，未开化的，凶猛的，残忍的；n.粗鲁的（人） （1）The poor man received a savage beating from the thugs. 那个可怜的人遭到暴徒的痛打。

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(2) This island is inhabited by some savages. 这个小岛上居住着一些野人。 savagery n.野性，野蛮，残忍

The feeders in this zoo give live games to the tigers to preserve their savagery. 这个动物园的饲养员用活的猎物喂养老虎，以维持它们的野性。 4.civilized a.文明的，开化的

（1）China is a civilized ancient country of long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的文明古国。

（2）In civilized society, people should make their behaviors civilized. 文明社会要求人们要有文明举止。 civilize v.使开化，使文明，教化

They tried to civilize the natives.他们企图教化土人。 5.root n.根；根本，根源；v.生根，扎根，坚定不移

（1）Roots hold the plant in the soil.根在途土中支撑植物。 (2) Fear rooted her to the ground.她吓得呆若木鸡。

Text B

1.be eager to do sth. 热切地想做„，渴望要做„

(1)She is eager to become a singing star.她渴望成为一名歌星。 （2）They are eager to travel abroad.他们渴望出国旅行。 2.substitute for „的代替物

Substitute for rubber can be made from petroleum. 石油中可制出橡胶的代用品。

3.to have„to do with 与„有关，由„而产生

Hard work had a great deal to do with his success. 他的成功与工作努力大有关系。

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I know he behaves badly.It all has to do with the way he was brought up. 我知道他的行为不端，这一切都与他所受的教育有关。 4.as matter of fact 事实上，其实

As a matter of fact,the story is founded on fact. 事实上这故事是根据事实的。

5.to think of„as 把„看作„ 认为„是 Most people think of he as a fool. 大多数人认为他是个笨蛋。

复习思考题

I. Vocabulary and Structure

1. As you know, he can run as ____ as a rabbit.

A. quick B. soon C. fast D. rapid [ ] 2. Milk, probably the best single food, ____both proteins and carbohydrates. A. contents B. concludes C. contends D. contains [ ] 3. The children are eager ____ if there are people on mars. A. to know B. know

C. knowing D. about knowing [ ] 4.Vegetable oil is good ____ animal oil.

A. substitute for B. substitute C. instead D. instead of [ ] 5.____ as they are, they are not successful.

A. Hard work B. Work hard C. Hard working D. Working hardly [ ]

6.Among ____ people it was once thought that ginger root by some magical power could improve the memory. A. civilizing B. civil C. civilization D. civilized [ ]

7.No one has been able to prove that fish is any better for the brain ____ many other kinds of food.

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A. rather B. than C. rather than D. instead of [ ] 8.It was in the zoo ____ I met her yesterday.

A. that B. where C. which D. when [ ]

9.It is plain that, while animals learn about things by their ____ as we do, they do not think nearly as much about what they learn. A. organs B. senses C. feelings D. emotions [ ] 10.I have ____ the building instinct of beavers.

A. spoken of B. speaked of C. spoke D. spoke about [ ]

II Word Spelling

1. 质量；品质 n. q _____ 2. 有毒的 a. p _____ 3. 消化 vt, d _____ 4. 代替 vt/vi. s _____ 5. 本能；天性 n. i _____ 6. 英勇；勇气 n. b _____ 7. 文明的；开化的 a. c _____ 8. 大半；主要 ad. c _____ 9. 从事；参加 vt/vi. e _____ 10. 生物；人 n. c _____

III Word Form

1. Tomatoes were believed to have ____ (magic) power. 2. The present ____ (arrange) is really satisfactory to us.

3. He was____ (suppose) to be a college graduate, but he knew little of history. 4. We never see frogs ____ (engage) in sport.

5. The horse is not long in learning many things ____ (connect) with the work which he has to do.

IV Translation from Chinese into English.

1. 即使今天仍有不少人相信鱼是最佳健脑食品。 2. 实际上，面包主要含有蛋白质。

3. 过去普遍认为桔子汁和牛奶不应同餐饮用。 4. 牧羊犬很明白如何照看羊。

5. 据说动物是通过本能做这样的事情的。

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Unit Six

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A Text B slight, rare, substance, crack, Puzzle, observe, former, latter, popular, volcano, destroy, Inorganic, broad, delicious, impressive, greasy, pebble, experienced, miner, immediately Closely, suck, dissolve Be made of, be popular with, Run out, sort out, stick to Turn aside from, satisfied with, take place, lie in, hold good, live on, take in, suck up, take up Phrases Structures 1. It is thought that ... 2. such ...as Grammar 动词时态

重点和难点

Text A

1. slight a. 轻微的，纤细的

I have a slight headache. 我有点头痛。 2. be made from 由...制成（已经看不出原材料） The wine is made from cherry. 这酒是由樱桃酿成的。 be made of 由...制成（仍能看出原材料）

The desk is made of wood. 这张课桌是用木头制成的。 3. be popular with 受...欢迎，受...喜欢

The folk songs are more popular with the young than the old. 乡村歌曲受到年轻人欢迎的程度比老人多。 4. run out 用尽

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We are running out of gas. 我们的汽油就要用尽了。 5. stick to 粘住，附着，坚持

Text B

1. be satisfied with 对...感到心满意足

I’m not satisfied with the present situation. 我对目前形势不满意。 2. hold good (for) 适用

My promise to visit you next summer holds good.我明年夏天去看你的许诺仍有效。 3. live on 靠...生活，以...为主食

Now the miserable old couple lived on their slender pension. 现在这对可怜的老夫妇仅仅依靠微薄的养老金过活。 4. take in 吸收， 接纳， 接受

The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night. 那位农民收留了迷路的游客过夜。 5. suck up 吸收，吸出，吸起

Plants suck up moisture from the earth. 植物从土壤中吸取水分。

6. It is easy enough, you think, to tell which is earth and which is sky. 此句中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语“to tell...”.这样做是为了句子结构平衡。另外“you think”是插入成分；“which is earth and which is sky”是动词“tell”(分辨)带的两个并列宾语从句。

复习思考题

I. Vocabulary and Structure

1. As a writer, he ____ his pen.

A. lives in B. lived off C. live on D. lives on [ ] 2. Silver ornament is becoming popular ____ girls nowadays.

A. towards B. with C. to D. for [ ] 3. ____ the teacher entered the classroom the students stopped talking at once. A. As B./ C. Because of D. From [ ]

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4. India’s supply of diamonds was finally ____ after 2,500 years of mining the stones. A. run out B. run out of C. running out D. running out of [ ] 5. Experienced diamond miners can ____ a diamond immediately.

A. differ B. tell C. recognize D. judge [ ] 6. The child ____ the lemonade through a straw.

A. sucked in B. sucked up C. suck in D. suck up [ ] 7. I will ____ Sherry on my way home.

A. pick B. pick up C. pick down D. pick out [ ] 8. Diamonds are gray, ____ pebble.

A. grease-looking B. greasy-looking C. grease-look D. greasy-look [ ] 9. ____ they have gathered plants produce the beautiful flowers, the delicious fruits, and the golden grain. A. Out of B. Out of them C. Out of which D. Out of what [ ] 10. I don’t know ____ to go ____ not.

A. weather...or B. weather...nor C. whether...or D. whether...nor [ ]

II Word Spelling

1. 有经验的 a. e_____ 2. 物质，实质 n. s_____ 3. 流行的，通俗的 a. p_____ 4. 观察，注意到 vt, o_____ 5. 住处，住宅 n. d_____ 6. 破坏，消灭 vt. d_____ 7. 压碎，镇压 vt. c_____ 8. 压力，压强 n. p_____ 9. 稍微，有点 ad. s_____ 10. 在...下面，低于 prep. b_____

III Word Form

1. Parents play an important role in the ____ (from) of the children’s habits. 2. His father ____ (die) for five years.

3. Whenever we visited them, they ____ (watch) television. 4. Furniture is mostly ____ (make) of wood.

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5. She spent a happy afternoon ____ (sort) out her coins and stamps.

IV Translation from Chinese into English

1. 植物是永远不停地在我们周围创造奇迹的真正仙物。

2. 很多人认为动植物之间的主要区别就是动物可以移动而植物不能。

Unit Seven

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A definition, ancestor, extended household, basically, divorce industrial, remarry, Text B customary, role, physical, provider, pregnant, preschool, dependent, Phrases care for, split up ,talk of Provide for, in addition , give up, be busy doing, in conclusion Structures 1. no matter if/whether + 让步状语从句 2. Instead of 3. provide{A for B}/{B for A} Grammar 被动语态

重点和难点

Text A

1. No matter if it is young or old, large or small, traditional or modern... 不管每个家庭的历史是长是短，规模是大是小，是传统还是现代...此句中No matter if 是连接让步状语从句。no matter whether 比 no matter if 更常见一些。 2. It is that feeling of belonging, of love and security... 这是那种归属感，相爱和安全感..., 此句中it 是人称代词，指代的是前面的a sense of what a family is (一种家庭的认同感)

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3. talk of; 谈到，谈起，说起 4. split up; 分裂，分开，吵架 5. care for; 关心，照顾，喜欢，爱好 比较： care about : 在乎

Text B

1. customary a. 习惯上的；合乎习俗的 2. dependent a. 依靠的，依赖的 3. provide for 赡养，为...提供必须品

He had provide for the large family. 他必须赡养这个大家庭。 4. in addition 另外，加之

She sings well, and in addition, she can dance. 她唱歌很好，而且她也会跳舞。 5. to give up 交出，放弃，抛弃，辞去

She gives up her jobs. 她辞掉了自己的工作。 6. be busy doing sth. 忙于...

He was busy getting ready for his journey. 他正忙于准备旅行。 7. in conclusion 最后， 在结束时

复习思考题

I. Vocabulary and Structure

1. Her parents have been to work , so she has to ____ her little brother. A. look good after B. take care of

C. care of D. care [ ] 2. The class ____ 50 students.

A. composes of B. consists of

C. is consisted of D. makes up of [ ]

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3. ____you did, I will be in favor of you.

A. No matter what B. No matter that

C. No matter whatever D. No matter anything [ ] 4. You can notice the ____ speeds of a car and a train if you are in the train. A. relate B. relative C. related D. relation [ ] 5. A generation ____ ago, the traditional family, in which the father was boss, was customary. A. of two B. or two C. and two D. for two [ ] 6. The modern husband ____ these decisions ____ his working wife. A. share...with B. share.../

C. share...for D. share...to [ ] 7. In the traditional family, a woman would usually ____ her job after she become pregnant. A. give up B. give in C. take up D. give out [ ] 8. If Harry is not well enough to go with you, take me ____.

A. instead B. instead of C. replace D. substitute [ ] 9. In this sense, bad things ____ good things. A. can be turned into C. can turn into

C. turn to D. turn out [ ] 10. Almost 20% of all American families are ____ parent families.

A. simple B. single C. sample D. similar [ ]

II Word Spelling

1. 核心的 a. n _____ 2. 安全 n. s _____ 3. 离婚 n./vi. d _____ 4. 从根本上说 ad. b _____ 5. 配偶；搭档 n. p _____ 6. 工业化 vt. i _____ 7. 社会 n. s _____ 8. 定义，释义 n. d _____ 9. 构造，结构 n. s _____ 10.依靠的，依赖的 a. d _____

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III Word Form

1. Most modern cities are highly ____ (industrial). 2. After the meeting, we ____ (split) up and went home.

3. In ____ (add) to English, you’d better learn another foreign language. 4. Cars of this brand ____ (sell) well. 5. Her visa was ____ (extend) for another year.

IV Translation from Chinese into English

1. 不管一个家庭的历史是长是短，规模是大是小，是传统还是现代，每一个家庭都有一种家庭的认同感。 2. 当今在多数核心家庭里，丈夫和妻子都挣钱养家。 3. 单亲家庭与再婚家庭是两种新的家庭形式。

4. 尽管传统家庭和现代家庭有些相似之处，但也有很大的差别。 5. 核心家庭常常包括父母亲和他们的孩子。

Unit Eight

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A Via, photography, establish, Text B Obvious, shelter, atmosphere, Access, remote, simultaneously, Gaze, explosion, explode Privacy, application Phrases be capable of, have access to sth, lead to in order to , protect...from, rest on/upon, in the meantime, pay attention to Structures 1. A and /or B 2. not ...until... Grammar 不定式

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重点和难点

Text A

1.via 经由，经过，通过

（1）I am going to travel from Beijing to Shanghai via Tianjin. 我将从北京经由天津去上海。

（2) People in remote areas can communicate with their relatives via telephone. 偏远地区的人们可以通过电话和亲属交流。 2. photography 摄影，照相，摄影术

He is an expert of photography. 他是摄影方面的专家。 photographer 摄影家 3. access 通道

The only access to that village is along a muddy track. 到那个村庄去的惟一通道是一条泥泞小路。 accession 就职，就任，添加

He has the right to the accession to a large estate. 他有权继承一大笔财产。 4. be capable of 能够，有能力

I believe you are capable of finishing it on time. 我认为你有能力按时完成它。 5. have access to sth 可接近， 可进入

Try to have access to good books. 试着去多获取接触好书的机会。 6. lead to 导致， 通向

Differences of opinion led to a hot argument. 不同的见解引起了激烈的争论。

Text B

1. in order to 为了..., 以...为目的

We started early in order to arrive before dark. 为了在天黑前到达，我们早早的动了身。

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2. protect...from 防御

She protected the children from danger. 她保护小孩以免危险。 3. rest on/upon 依赖，依靠

Our hopes rest on you. 我们寄希望于你。 4. in the meantime 与此同时，在此期间

Put the kettle on to boil and in the meantime we’ll prepare the tea leaves. 把壶放上煮，在此期间我们准备茶叶。 5. pay attention to 注意，专心

Pay attention to what you’re doing. 专心你所做的事。

复习思考题

I. Vocabulary and Structure

1. His work was ___ done in one way.

A. good B. excellent C. well D. fine [ ] 2. It is important to realize that the same technology that helps us may ___ us. A. also harm B. also be harmful

C. also be harmed to D. also harm to [ ] 3. We can prevent this from happening by carefully ____ the new technology. A. control B. to control C. controlling D. controlled [ ] 4. ____ you are so sure of it he’ll believe you.

A. Because of B. Since C. Although D. Even [ ] 5. He found it difficult to make himself ____ . A. understood B. be understood

C. understand D. be understand [ ] 6. I ____ write letters in English.

A. capable B. am capable of C. am able to D. able to [ ] 7. His fame rests ____ his plays more than ____ his novels.

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A. on...on B. with...on C. on...with D. in...on [ ] 8. Patients usually follow the doctors’____ on how to take the medicine. A. explanation B. instructions C. directions D. order [ ] 9. Everyone has opportunity to ____ education.

A. have access B. access to C. have access to D. access [ ] 10.Many hospitals still ____ new-born babies ____ their mothers.

A. isolated...by B. isolated...from C. isolate...by D. isolate...from [ ]

II Word From

1. Without air, we ____ (can not) exist.

2. These shop windows will be used for ____ (display) summer clothes. 3. Sound ____ (travel) through air.

4. The atmosphere is all the air ____ (surround) the earth.

III Translation form Chinese into English

1. 计算机储存信息而电视机显示信息。

2. 卫星不仅能够传送电视广播，而且还能够传送电话以及诸如书籍、杂志类的印刷材料。 3. 卫星证实了它怎样向交通不便的偏僻地区的人们提供帮助。 4. 1964年在日本举行的奥运会是第一个通过卫星播送的节目。 5. 电信使我们可以快速便捷地得到来自世界各地的信息。

Unit Nine

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A learned, relatively, occasion, acquaintance, elevated, absolute, misconception Text B Context, interrupt, process, Swift, consult, spark, heighten ease 32

Phrases Make up, belong to, at large, Come up, as to, due to, Rather than Build up, come across, to begin With, come up with, after all, Provide somebody with something Structures 1. rather than 2. Only +状语...(倒装句型) Grammar 分词和动名词 重点和难点

Text A

1. learned 有学问的，博学的，经过训练得到的

He is very learned but rather modest.他很有学问，可是很谦虚。 2. stock n. 备料，库存，股票，公债 v.储备，储存 3. make up: (由部分)组成，构成，补偿，虚构 4. at large 一般的，自由的 5. belong to

These books belong to library. 这些书是图书馆的。 6. come up 出现

Weeds are coming up everywhere in the desert garden. 那个废弃的花园里到处都长满了杂草。 7. due to

The accident was due to careless driving. 这起车祸起因于驾驶疏忽。

Text B

1. build up 增长，聚集

The area is all built up now. 那个地区现在已盖满房屋。 2. come across （偶然）遇见，碰上

Perhaps I shall come across him in Japan. 或许我会在日本碰上他。

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3. come up with 提出

He came up with a new suggestion. 他提出了一个新建议。 4. after all 毕竟， 终究

After all, He’s only a little boy. 毕竟，他还是一个小孩子。 5. provide sb with 给某人提供...

复习思考题

I. Vocabulary and Structure

1. Reading is ____ in learning English.

A. of great important B. of great importance

C. great important D. great importance [ ] 2. The difference between popular and learned words may be easily seen in _____ examples. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few [ ] 3. In that way, the CPD Formula ____ you ____ maximum effectiveness. A. provide...to B. provides...with

C. provide...for D. provides...for [ ] 4. He gave me his promise ____ .

A. in black and white B. black and white

C. with black and white D. to black and white [ ] 5. The so-called “popular” words _____the people at large, not a limited class. A. belong B. belong to C. possessed by D. owe to [ ] 6. Marxism _____ China, too.

A. applies to B. applies for C. applies D. applied in [ ] 7. He failed ____ , in spite of all that had been down.

A. after all B. in all C. although D. since [ ] 8. Now you can see why you should ____ the dictionary last, not first.

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A. consult B. consult with C. consult for D. consult to [ ] 9. ____ that some guests were coming, she shopped all morning in that super-marked.

A. Have told B. Have been told C. Having told D. Having been told [ ] 10.My uncle is a very _____ man.

A. learning B. learned C. learn D. knowledge [ ]

II Word Form

1. A learned person is more likely to use ____ (cultivate) terms in his talk. 2. Our meeting ____ (concern) cooperation and competition.

3. Different opinions may come up as to the ____ (classify) of any particular word. 4. His application letter is quite ____ (formally).

5. The boy answered the question more quickly than many ____ (grown-up)

III Translation form Chinese into English

1. 语言包括许多我们在日常会话中使用相对较少的词汇。 2. 学术词汇对科学家和技术专家来说非常重要。 3. 普通词是人们大众频繁使用的词汇。

4. 当你看到你预测的定义在字典里白纸黑字地印着时，你会有一种多么惬意的成就感呀! 5. 没有适合于这些术语的绝对定义。

Unit Ten

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A Scientific, stimulate, sprout imagination, open-minded 35 Text B Arouse, account,indicate,variable Inference, confidence Phrases Lay„aside, take apart, carry Out, in advance, regardless of Make up one’s mind, in the light of, adapt„ to A variety of ,result from, in need of, turn out to be, check in Structures He did want to know. Grammar 动名词

重点和难点

Text A

1. stimulate 刺激，激励

Praise always stimulates him to further efforts. 他一受到表扬就会更加努力。 2. open-minded 无偏见的，虚心的

Really great men are very open-minded.正真的伟人都很虚心。 Open-mindedness n. 无偏见，虚心

3. sprout v. (种子，植物)发芽，抽条；使发芽；n.新芽

(1）New buds are sprouting on the trees.树上长新芽了。 (2）When do deer first sprout horns? 鹿在多大的时候开始生角。 (3) I have bought some bean sprouts to cook a dish for you. 我买了一些豆芽给你做个菜。

4. lay„ aside 把„放在一边，把„搁在一旁

(1）Plans for the new building were laid aside. 建设新楼的计划搁浅了。

(2）Lay your books aside and listen to me.把你们的书放下听我讲。 5. carry out 执行，实行

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These orders must be carried out at once.必须立刻执行这些命令。 6. regardless of 不顾，不管

(1）He went regardless of the heavy rain.他不顾外面下着大雨去了。 （2）He says what he thinks, regardless of other people’s feelings. 他想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的感受。 7. to make up one’s mind 下决心

（1）Have you made up your mind where to go for your holiday? 你决定到什么地方去度假了吗?

(2) I have made up my mind to be a doctor.我下决心当医生。

Text B

1. arouse vt.引起，激起；唤起，唤醒

（1）Their terrible suffering aroused our pity.他们可怕的苦难引起我们的怜悯。 （2）Don’t arouse him from his sleep.别把他从睡梦中唤醒。 2. account n.叙述，说明；账，账户；vi.说明(原因等)

（1）Please give me an account of your trip.请给我讲述一下你旅游的情况。 （2）He opened an account in the bank.他在这家银行开了一个账户。 （3）I can’t account for his failure.我无法理解他失败的原因。 3. inference n.推论，推理，推断

（1）They at last arrived at an inference.他们最终推出了结论。 （2）At present we can only know the loss of the fire by inference. 目前我们只能推测火灾的损失。

4. result from (做一种自然结果而)发生，由...造成 Sickness often results from eating too much. 疾病常常是由于吃得过多而造成的。

5. to turn out(to be) 原来是，（最后）证明是

（1）She turned out to be the daughter of an old friend. 她原来是一位老朋友的女儿。

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（2）The method turned out to be very effective. 这个方法证明是非常有效的。

复习思考题

I. Vocabulary and Structure

1. We are building ____ a new and healthy culture of science and art. A. on B. up C. in D. into [ ] 2. Problems arise in a ____ of ways.

A. very B. various C. variety D. varieties [ ] 3. Young children want to take apart a watch to see ____ makes it work. A. that B. which C. what D. where [ ] 4. The meeting ____ to be a failure.

A. turn out B. is turned out C. turned out D. was turned out [ ] 5. She has adapted herself ____ the new environment.

A. to B. for C. at D. over [ ] 6. There is no reason why you should not tell them ____ that you are going. A. in advance B. in advance of C. with advance D. at advance [ ] 7. In making ____ the scientist has built up a hypothesis.

A. an inference B. a reference C. a difference D. an occurrence [ ] 8. Remember ____ to me as soon as possible.

A. write B. to write C. writing D. wrote [ ] 9. Do you mind ___ the window.

A. I opening B. I to open C. my open D. my opening [ ] 10.The right answers can be obtained ____ the right questions are asked.

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A. if only B. only if C. even if D. if [ ]

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II Word Form

1. This theory has been ____ (scientific) explained. 2. You know that I have perfect ____ (confident) in you.

3. Only if we try again and again ____ (regard) of the failure can we succeed. 4. The mind cannot ____ (make up) once and for all. 5. It is no use ____ (stay) here.

III Translation from Chinese into English

1. 人类曾经想知道太阳晚上到哪儿去了，天空为什么是蓝的。 2. 在许多情况下，解决实际问题的办法事先无法预见。 3. 我们的祖先总是想知道风为什么会吹，树叶为什么要掉落。 4. 尊重新思想对所有知识领域的不断进步都是很重要的。 5. 透彻地理解问题是解决问题的良好开端.

Unit Eleven

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A rid, local, stuff, extra, remnant, hunter, reluctant, bound Phrases sort through, get rid of , set out, put up, be fed up with, search for, be faced with Text B practically, explore, discount, purchase, profit, article, flavor specialize in , refer to... as, as well as/as well, no longer Structures 1. needn’t +have +v.-ed 2. as +a.+a/an+n.+as. Grammar 形容词和副词的比较等级 39

重点和难点

Text A

1. sort through 整理， 把...分类

Sort through these cards according to their colors.按颜色将这些卡片分开。 2. get rid of 摆脱，解脱，除去

I want to get rid of this car. 我想把这部车子脱手。 3. set out 出发，起程，宣布，发表

He is setting out for London tomorrow. 他明天起程去伦敦。 4. put up 提供，抬起，举起 Put up your hands！ 举起手来！

5. be fed up with 因多得而厌烦，受够了...

I’m fed up with taking so many tests in school. 我受够了在学校要参加那么多考试 6. be faced with 面临，面对

Text B

1. profit 利润，有益于，得益

It will profit you nothing to do that. 做那件事将对你一无好处。 2. article 文章，条款，条文

I read an interesting article about education in China yesterday. 我昨天读了一篇有关中国教育的有趣文章。 3. flavor 味道，风味，特色

I’d like to have six difficult flavor of ice-cream. 我想吃六种味道不同的冰淇淋。 4. specialize in 专攻，专门研究，专营

The store specialize in children’s clothes. 那个商店专营童装。 5. refer to... as 称...为...

California is referred to as the “Golden State”.

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加利福尼亚被称作“黄金之州”

复习思考题

I. Vocabulary and Structure

1. The boy was ____ the foreign stamps he had collected.

A. sorting out B. sorting with C. sorted D. sorts [ ] 2. Garage sales have become suburban social ____, drawing people of all ages. A. accidents B. examples C. events D. issues [ ] 3. They spend their weekends ____ from sale to sale, hoping to run across a real treasure. A. to go B. going C. at going D. gone [ ] 4. Betty ____ with the salesman in order to get a good price on the used bike. A. bargain B. bargaining C. bargained D. be bargaining [ ] 5. He ____ pass the examination this time.

A. bound to B. is bound to C. bounds to D. was bounded to [ ] 6. There were firms who specialized ____ supplying cars.

A. in B. on C. with D. for [ ] 7. I must ____ the lost money until it is found.

A. searching for B. searched for C. to search for D. search for [ ] 8. He ____ a great artist.

A. is known as B. in known to C. is known with D. is known for [ ] 9. With discoveries in methods to preserve food, almost every kind of food can be frozen and yet keep its original ____. A. cost B. smell C. flavor D. price [ ] 10.Many of the younger buyers say they are ____ by the poor quality of modern goods and are looking for remnants of a stronger and firmer era, when things were built to last. A. turned on B. turned off C. turned to D. turned back [ ]

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II Word Form

1. ____ (rise) living costs are considered by almost everyone as a reason both for holding sales and for attending them. 2. I can never forget her ____ (express) smile.

3. ____ (provide) with four cards, each student can borrow four books one time. 4. However, there are many “sales” in the United States, during which time stores will ____ (low) their normal prices. 5. Another popular shop is the “dime store”, sometimes ____ (refer) to as the “five and ten.”

III Translation from Chinese into English

1. 他们在自家的庭院前摆出那些无用的物件，等待是否有人来买。 2. 如果你不嫌麻烦，但求价廉，你可能想去折扣商店买东西。 3. 有人已经把逛旧车市场当成了嗜好。

4. 绝大多数的美国人在超级市场购买他们所需要的全部食品。 5. 记住，没有什么比阅读速度太慢更影响人的注意力了。

Unit Twelve

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A Mainly, supreme, dispute, peculiar, stack, historical, Distant, scatter, invention, ordinarily Phrases get into, bring up, look up, according to, in front of, to the best of cue in, keep up with, concentrate on, be familiar with, be aware of be alert to Text B Survival, opportunity, content, Wander, expand, skip, register 42

Structures It is believed that 从句 Grammar 介词与介词短语 重点和难点

Text A

1. mainly 主要的，大部分的 2. invention 发明，创造，虚构 3. get into 进入，陷入

He got into difficulties in doing everything. 他处处陷入困境。 4. bring up 教育，培养，提出

She brought up five children. 她养育了五个孩子。 5. look up 查阅

6. in front of 在...前面 7. to the best of 就...所及

To the best of my knowledge she is still living there. 就我所知，她还住在那里。

Text B

1. expand 扩大，扩张

2. register 记录，登记，注册，显示，登记本 3. to keep up with 跟上，保持联系

She likes to keep up with the latest fashions. 她喜欢穿戴入时。 4. concentrate on 全神贯注于..., 全力以赴于... 5. be familiar with 熟悉...，通晓...

He is more familiar with modern jazz than I.他比我更熟悉现代爵士乐！ 6. be aware of 意识到，知道

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Are you aware of the time? 你知道是什么时候了吗？

复习思考题

I. Vocabulary and Structure

1. Finally, the dictionary editor writes his definitions, following the ____ rule that each definition must be based on what the quotations in front of him reveal about the meaning of the word. A. flexible B. old-fashioned

C. unacceptable D. hard-and-fast [ ] 2. Some children got____ the bad habit of switching the TV as soon as they came Back home.

A. in B. up C. on D. into [ ] 3. I was born and___ in England.

A. brought B. brought through C. bring about D. bring through [ ] 4. Each definition must ____ what the quotations in front of him reveal abort the meaning of the word. A. based on B. is based on C. be based with D. bring through [ ] 5. For a really big job of dictionary writing, such as the Oxford English Dictionary, millions of cards are collected, and the task of editing ___decades. A. expands B. completes C. occupies D. adds to [ ] 6. It is widely believed that dictionaries and grammars are the supreme authority in _____ of meaning and usage. A. articles B. matters C. substances D. materials [ ] 7. He is not only a teacher, ____ a student.

A. also B. but also C. too D. than [ ] 8. We planted some flowers ____ of our classroom.

A. in the front B. in front C. at the front D. at front [ ] 9. He asked this question only _____ curiosity.

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A. from B. out of C. because D. owe to [ ] 10. They could not ____ us when we were climbing the mountain.

A. keep up B. keep up with C. keep up to D. keep on to [ ]

II Word Form

1. Will it ____ (boredom) you to hear the story again?

2. For a person with good reading habits, a ____ (print) page contains not only words but ideas ideas, actions, thoughts and feelings. 3. A dictionary editor cannot ____ (influence) by what he thinks a given word ought to mean.

4. _____ (define) a word, the dictionary editor places before him the stack of cards illustrating that word. 5. As the cards are collected, they ____ (alphabet) and sorted.

III Translation from Chinese into English

1. 字典和语法在词汇的词义和用法上是最高权威。 2. 编辑不能受到他自己认为某个词应是什么词义的影响。 3. 你的思路可与阅读速度保持同步，如果你要求它这样的话。

4. 人们普遍相信，每个词都有正确的词义，我们主要是跟老师和语法学家学习这些词义。 5. 这些卡片必须按字母表顺序编排与整理。

Unit Thirteen

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A Agent, coverage, consume, evil adequate, major, occur, injury ignorance, opposite, improve Text B Function, exchange, defer, double Respond, contract, specify, obligation, constant, reduce 45

Phrases Be on guard, at best, in effect Rule out, in terms of, Look„ in the face, deal with be conscious of Structures 1. would rather 2. Rather than 3. Neither/Nor + 部分倒装 Grammar 冠词的基本用法

重点和难点

Text A

1. agent n. 代理人，代理商，起作用的人或物

1）We are their sole agent.我们是他们的独家代理商。 2) Rain and frost are natural that wear away rocks. 雨和霜是风化岩石的自然力量。 2. consume vt. 用尽，消耗，花费

1）The fire quickly consumed the wooden hut. 火焰很快吞噬了那所小木屋。

2) We consumed much time and energy in writing the book. 我们写这本书耗费了很多时间和精力。 consumer n.消费者，顾客

The right of consumers should be protected by the state. 国家应当保护消费者的权益。 3. injury n. 损害，伤害，受伤处

The slander was a severe injury to his reputation. 这种诽谤严重损害了他的名誉。 Injure vt. 伤害，损害，受伤

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The misunderstanding injured their friendship. 4. be on guard 警惕，提防，站岗，值班

1) During an interview, you should be on your guard against saying the wrong thing. 面试时，要提防说错话。 2）The soldier was ordered to be on guard. 那士兵奉命站岗。 5. at best 至少，充其量

He is a green hand at best. 他充其量是位新手。 6. look„ in the face 正视；勇敢地面对

1) Can you look me in the face and say you didn’t break the window? 2) You must look the facts in the face.

Text B

1. be on guard 警惕，提防；站岗，值班

（1）During an interview, you should be on your guard against saying the wrong thing.面试时，要提防说错话。 （2）The soldier was ordered to be on guard.那士兵奉命站岗。 2. at best 至多，充其量

He is a green hand at best.他充其量是位新手。 3. in effect 实质上，实际上；正在进行，有效

（1）The two systems are, in effect, identical.这两种制度实际上一模一样。 （2）Some ancient laws are still in effect.有些古时的法律现在仍然有效。 4. look...in the face 正视；勇敢地面对

（1）Can you look me in the face and say you didn’t break the window? 你敢正面看着我说，窗户不是你打碎的吗？

（2）You must look the facts in the face.你必须面对事实。 5. deal with 对付，打交道；处理

I find it hard to deal with selfish people. 我觉得和自私的人打交道很难。

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复习思考题

I. Vocabulary and Structure

1. If you borrow money to buy a car, the loan contract ____ how much you must pay back every month and the number of months required to satisfy your obligation. A. specifies B. sacrifices C. defers D. converts [ ] 2. We are not happy when they call us, we are ____ guard when they visit our homes. A. in B. for C. on D. to [ ] 3. ____ is waiting for the result of their talks.

A. The whole world B. The world C. Whole world D. World [ ] 4. Theoretically the car can make 110 kilometers per hour, but ____ it seldom goes over 100. A. to no effect B. be in effect C. in effect D. to that effect [ ] 5. They are never really our friends, ____, they are a necessary evil. A. at last B. at least C. at ease D. at best [ ] 6. ____ farm land, China is not a rich country considering her population. A. With term of B. In terms of C. In terms D. With terms [ ] 7. I ____ my letter by the time you come back.

A. have finished B. shall finish C. shall have finished D. shall be finishing [ ] 8. Money provides a unit of account that serves ____ a standard to measure vale. A. as B. for C. with D. in [ ] 9. I must ____ you ____ your promise.

A. remind...from B. remind...of C. remind...for D. remind...to [ ] 10. By next summer John ____ in his factory for three years.

A. have been working B. will have been working C. will be working D. has worked [ ]

II Word Form

1. He had his leg ____ (injury) trying to save a boy from a passing train.

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2. It is ____ (good) that we plan for these situations by finding means to deal with them than to just hope that they will somehow go away. 3. These insurance agents are always friendly, we ____ (dress) and eager to be of help. 4. Serious injury or death is not a pleasant subject ____ (discuss) or even consider. 5. Her brother used to be a ____ (profession) tennis player.

III Translation from Chinese into English

1. 保险代理商提醒我们出现生病、受伤、事故或死亡的可能性。

2. 很多推销各种不同保险单的代理人给我们打电话，有时甚至还直闯我们的家门。 3. 虽然保险是复杂的，但其基本概念学起来并不困难，也并非学不会。 4. 购买保险时我们不能完全信赖保险代理人。

Unit Fourteen

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A frankly, conflict, enforce, behavior, unacceptable, swear, indifferent, individual Phrases as well, for instance, sooner or later, because of, Text B blindfold, well-known, dense, investigate, motion, intend, evenly, identical to keep...from, intend to, no more...than Structures 1. no more ...than 2. the greater ...,the father... Grammar 情态动词

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重点和难点

Text A

1. as well 也，又， 而且

Are they coming as well? 他们也来了吗？ 2. for instance 例如，比如

There was something strange about them, for instance, one of them could not speak. 他们有点怪，例如其中有个人不会说话。 3. sooner or later 迟早，终归

If you do not look after it carefully, sooner or later your car will fall to bits. 如果你不小心照顾你的车，迟早它会散架。 4. because of

Because of his wife’s being there, I said nothing about it. 由于他妻子在场，我对此事一字未提。

Text B

1. evenly 均匀地，均衡地

2. identical 同一的，完全相同的，相等的 3. to keep...from 阻止，防止

His advice kept me from making a serious mistake. 他的忠告使我免于犯下严重的错误。 4. intend to 想要，打算

I don’t intend to listen to this rubbish any longer! 我再也不想听这种无稽之谈了！ 5. no more...than 仅仅，不过

You are no more capable of speaking French than I am. 你和我都不会说法语。

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复习思考题

I. Vocabulary and Structure

1. ____ they are bound to create trouble.

A. Soon after B. No sooner C. Sooner or later D. The sooner [ ] 2. ____ recovered, he had to stay home for few weeks.

A. Not having B. Having not C. Being not D. Having no being [ ] 3. There are many children and adolescents ____ behavior is generally unacceptable.

A. their B. who C. whose D. of whom [ ] 4. Do you mind ____ ?

A. my smoking B. I smoke C. me smoke D. I smoking [ ] 5. ____ you are, you must obey the law.

A. No matter who B. No matter which

C. Who D. Whom [ ] 6. You ____ return the book on Saturday, you can return it on Sunday.

A. needn’t B. must not C. should D. ought to [ ] 7. He needs his sense, especially his eyes, to get to where he ____ reach. A. intend to B. intending to C. intended to D. intends to [ ] 8. When they join the work ____ , their employers and associates alike will soon realize that the behavior of these rude young people is closer to that of animals than civilized individuals. A. power B. force C. strength D. energy [ ] 9. People who don’t pay much attention to the health means will ____ the price sooner or later. A. give B. spend C. pay D. set [ ] 10. Small ____ it is, the difference of muscle development in both legs can cause

circular movement. A. as B. although C. even D. despite [ ]

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II Word From

1. The little boy is unable to move in any ____ (fix) direction, but walks in circles. 2. Ben showed his ____ (collect) of stamps in our class.

3. Few Americans really enjoy visiting with these eager, ____ (help) men and women. 4. It is always a good idea ____ (be) kind and polite.

5. I can’t find the walkman in the room, It ____ (may take) away by somebody.

III Translation from Chinese into English

1. 你知道当人不能用眼睛控制方向时就会转圈吗？ 2. 由于无知，这些孩子永远都不会明白为什么别人会成功。 3. 你是否发现还有一些其他父母和你的观点相同。 4. 这些健康的录像带可用来代替观看电视节目。

5. 对于多数人来说，两腿的肌肉发达程度并不一样，所以走起步来很可能不匀称。

Unit Fifteen

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A exposure, lasting, allocate, Text B exception, mechanical, superior fully, underlying, unrealistic, aggressive, lean, assume, imaginative, restrict Phrases distinguish...from, be crazy about, act on responsibility on the average, insist on(upon) Structures It is/was +被强调部分+that+句子其它部分 Grammar 名词从句 52

重点和难点

Text A

1. imaginative 富于想象力的，爱想象的 2. restrict 限制，约束

3. distinguish...from 把...同...分开

We must distinguish right from wrong. 我们必须明辨是非。 4. be crazy about 狂热于..., 醉心于...

They are crazy about basketball. 他们热衷于篮球。 5. act on 作用于，影响，对...有效

The drug acts on the stomach. 这药对胃痛有效。

Text B

1. lean 依靠，屈身，靠，倚 2. assume 假定，假设，装出

3. responsibility 责任，责任心，职责 4. on the average 通常，按平均值

A new car costs, on average, about 100,000 yuan. 一辆新汽车的一般价格为10万元。 5. insist on(upon) 坚持，坚决主张，

He insisted on driving her home. 他一定要用车送她回家。

复习思考题

I. Word Form

1. You must all take the exam. I can make no ____ (except). 2. He insist upon ____ (solve) problems for himself.

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3. Help your child to interpret what she sees-to think of explanations for the

events depicted and to imagine how the show ____ (put) together.

4. The baby, while ____ (seat) on its mother’s lap, watches a “show”on a small theater stage. 5. If your child appears to be crazy about war play and weapons, it would be a good idea to control his ____ (view) of violent TV programs.

II Translation from Chinese into English

1. 你是否发现还有一些其他父母和你的观点相同。 2. 这些健康的录像带可用来代替观看电视节目。 3. 儿童会把电视节目中看到的行为搬到现实生活中去。 4. 控制学龄前儿童看电视比控制学龄前儿童要更容易。 5. 我们应该学会分清是非。

Unit Sixteen

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A Alarming, technological, advance, critic, emphasize, Stress, sufficient, rely Text B Strict, gradually, resistance, recommend, skim Phrases as a result of, associate with go on a diet, have„ in common take responsibility for, result in Structures 1. of+原因 2. As if / though 3. have+n.+v.-ed Grammar 定语从句

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重点和难点

Text A

1.technological a. 工艺的；工业技术的

The company meeting was about technological innovation. 公司大会是关于技术革新的。 Technology n. 工艺，技术

Modern technology is amazing, isn’t it? 现代技术很了不起，对吗？ 2. critic n. 批评家，评论家

critical a.批评的，评论的，关键的 criticism n. 批评，评论 criticize v. 批评

3. as a result of 作为...的结果

The flight was delayed as a result of the fog. 因为有雾，该航班晚点。 4. take responsibility for 负起对...的责任，对...负责 I will take responsibility for the project. 我将负责该项目。 5. associate with 将（人或事物）联系起来，与某人打交道

Text B

1. recommend 推荐，介绍，建议 2. protective a. 给于保护的，防护的 protect v. 保护，防卫 protector n. 保护者 3. go on a diet 节食

4. have„ in common 与...有共同之处 5. result in 导致，结果造成

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复习思考题

I. Word Form

1. Technological advances _____ (take place) in the past ten to fifteen years. 2. The driver is partly ____ (responsibility) for the traffic accident. 3. Modern ____ (technological) has enabled doctors to develop new surgical techniques. 4. It is well known that smoking is ____ (harm) to one’s health. 5. Her reception of us was ____ (lack) in warmth.

II Translation from Chinese into English

1. 心脏病与紧张、吸烟以及缺乏锻炼有密切的关系. 2. 众所周知，疾病的预防比治疗更重要。 3. 退休的人们可以发展某种业余爱好。 4. 在过去的20年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。 5. 他们明白他们必须对自己的健康负责。

Unit Seventeen

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A Text B panic, moreover, approximately, compose, commit, border, trap, bear, remarkable, disrupt, confirm, fantastic, awaken, publicize, exaggerate, temporary, to wake up, in other words, as for Phrases at least, to suffer from, as to, all the same, Structures 1. no matter... 2. Whether...or Grammar

状语从句 56

重点和难点

Text A

1. moreover 而且，此外

2. approximately 近似的，大约的 3. confirm 证实，肯定，确认 4. at least 至少，起码，无论如何

You should eat an egg one day at least. 你至少一天吃一个鸡蛋。 5. to suffer from 受苦，受害，受损失

She’s suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遗忘症。 6. as to 关于，至于

7. all the same 仍然， 尽管如此

All the same, her music is very popular. 她的音乐依旧很受欢迎。

Text B

1. compose 组成，构成 2. fantastic 异想天开，不现实的 3. awaken 醒，觉醒 4. publicize 宣扬，宣传 5. to wake up 醒来，觉醒

Mary woke up to discover that her father had gone. 玛丽醒了过来，发现她父亲已经走了。 6. in other words 换句话说， 也就是说

They seem to have problems with directionality. In other words, they get lost. 他们好像在辨别方向时出了问题，也就是说，他们迷路了。 7. as for 至于，关于

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As for the hotel it was very uncomfortable and miles from the sea. 至于旅馆，那里非常不舒服，而且离海边有好几英里。

复习思考题

I. Word Form

1. We visited the Great Wall with a tourist guide ____ (conduct) us. 2. The ____ (approximately) time of our arrival will be two o’clock. 3. As his confidence in his work increased, his ____ (anxious) about it disappeared. 4. They wrote us a latter, ____ (confirm) that they had received our check. 5. The ____ (disturb) at midnight roused him from sleep.

II Translation from Chinese into English

1. 他最近总是头痛，终于被送进医院做检查。

2. 恐慌症患者通常有至少四种症状，而心脏病患者只经历疼痛和呼吸急促。 3.据报道一个学生有半夜起床的习惯。 4. 研究表明女人比男人更容易患恐慌症。

5. 一旦确诊患有恐慌症，患者应寻求心理和医药治疗。

Unit Eighteen

内容提要:

Aims Words Text A sketch, localize, attempt, flatten, reference, navigate, immovable, arrangement, accordance, Text B parallel, furthermore, converse, load, smoothly, coach, frustrate, relativity, devise, 58

Phrases be far from, in search of , in accordance with, point of view side by side, pull out , be certain of, bring about, account for, after all, Structures 1. It is/was not until...that... 2. Get+n.+a./分词 Grammar 虚拟语气

重点和难点

Text A

1. immovable 固定的，坚定不移的 2. arrangement 安排，整理，布置 3. accordance 一致，和谐，符合 4. be far from 一点也不，远非

The problem is far from easy. 这问题远非易事。 5. in search of 寻找，寻求

I am in search of a place to stay at present. 我正在找一处栖身之地。 6.in accordance with 依据， 根据

In accordance with your orders I buy the car. 根据你的要求我买了这车。 7. point of view 观察点，观点

What’s your point of view on family planning. 你对计划生育有什么看法？

Text B

1. side by side 肩并肩地

The couple walked side by side. 那对夫妻并肩而行。 2. pull out 驶出，驶离

The boat pulled out into the middle of the lake. 小船划到了湖心。

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3. be certain of 确信，肯定

He is certain of his wife’s words. 他丝毫也不怀疑他妻子的话。 4. bring about 导致， 引起

Science has brought about many changes in our lives. 科学给我们的生活带来了很多变化。 5. account for 解释，说明

Please account for your foolish conduct. 对你的愚蠢行为请作解释。 6. after all 毕竟，终究

So you’ve come after all. 你到底还是来了。

复习思考题

I. Vocabulary and Structure

1. It was ____ many centuries later that the ancient Greeks placed the science of map-making on a sound footing. A. not B. until C. until not D. not until [ ] 2. Many claim that psychological stress could be a logical cause, but ____, no evidence has been found to support this theory. A. as for B. as still C. as yet D. as that [ ] 3. What is certain about sleepwalking ____ it is a symptom of emotional disturbance.

A. is B. are C. is that D. are that [ ] 4. In her own records of case histories, there is not one sleepwalker who ever got ____ his own front door. A. out B. apart C. away D. beyond [ ] 5. When ____ , his family moved to Chicago.

A. still a baby B. a baby still

C. he was still a baby D. being a baby [ ] 6. Frightened by the thought that she was having a heart ____, Anne screamed for help.

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A. attack B. attach C. attract D. aspect [ ] 7. We are sure there is a great future ____ us.

A. ahead of B. ahead C. in the front D. in the front of [ ] 8. They were certain ____ she would get over her illness.

A. of B. of that C. that D. in that [ ] 9. Scientists say that many factors brought ____ changes in the weather. A. forth B. about C. around D. forward [ ] 10.____ yesterday, I would have asked him not to do that. A. If he came B. If he had come

C. Has he came D. Provided he came [ ]

II. Word Form

1. They went along the main road ____ (lead) to a distant town. 2. Pay attention to your grammar when ____ (speak) English.

3. The students have developed their ____ (read) skills further during this year. 4. These two problems are ____ (equal) important.

5. There is little ____ (rely) to be placed on his promise.

III Translation from Chinese into English

1. 这条路通向何方？ 2. 地图上的蓝线代表河流。 3. 他对中国的估计不精确。

4. 只是我们的揣想，但是要证明它却并不容易。

5. 突然，另一列火车似乎开始赶到我们这辆列车的前面去了。

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Test paper One

一、从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。(每小题1分，共10分)

1. It offers us a fuller sense of being intensely alive from____ to moment. A. time B. moment C. period D. instant

2. It may be worth remembering that ____ John Major didn’t himself go to Oxford, most of his ministers did. A. after B. since C. while D. if

3. The effects of rapid travel ____ the body are far more disturbing than we realize.

A. on B. in C. for D. to

4. Her powers of persuasion were ____no avail. A. for B. by C. with D. to

5. There is little likelihood that a panel of five wants to go through the ____of all shaking hands with you.

A. process B. prospect C. precedent D. presence

6. It is the right to change employers which ____employment from slavery. A. distinguishes B. derives C. releases D. relieves

7. It is touching to see how a cat or dog ____itself to a family and wants to share in all its goings and comings.

A. sacrifices B. opposes C. exposes D. attaches

8. A healthy self-esteem is a resource for coping when difficulties____. A. rise B. raise C. arise D. arouse

9. The challenge is not one of expansion____, the rapid growth in enrollment over the last 40 years has come to an end. A. As a result B. By all means C. In contrast D. On the contrary

10. Management often works hard to set up a situation ____ work is done in series. A. that B. where C. which D. what

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二、下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

根据上下文要求选出最佳答案(每选项1分，共10分）

Maybe you know that the letter “V” stands for victory in western countries. But do you know the 11 of the sign?

During World War II, Europe was occupied by the Germans. A lot of people 12 to Britain. Among them was one Belgian (比利时人) 13 Victor Dalveli. He loved his country very much. And every day, he used shortwave radio to broadcast to the Belgian people, calling 14 them to resist the German occupiers. On the last day of 1940, he asked his countrymen to write the 15 “V” wherever they could to show their determination to win the final victory. In a few days, it appeared everywhere.

16 , it spread to the other occupied countries in Europe. Because it was

simple and 17, it soon became very popular. When friends met, they stretched out 18 middle and index fingers to greet each other.

At that time, in certain restaurants, knives and forks were placed in such a way 19 form a “V”. And in some clock shops clocks were purposely stopped 20 11:05 to show the sign of “V”.

11. A. meaning B. shape C. history D. definition 12. A. had escaped B. escaped C. have escaped D. escape 13. A. naming B. being named C. named D. name 14. A. up B. out C. on D. off

15. A. letter B. alphabet C. expression D. word 16. A. Latter B. Later C. Late D. Lately

17. A. meaningful B. energetic C. magnificent D. interesting 18. A. his B. their C. one’s D. everybody’s 19. A. in order to B. so as to C. so to D. as to 20. A. on B. in C. by D. at

三、从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。(每选项2分，共30分)

Passage One

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Question 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

In reading the world's great literature on human excellence and personal success, I've found that to launch ourselves into a life of true success we need to satisfy one basic condition: pursue our vision with stubborn (顽强的) consistency. The biggest difference between people who succeed and those who don't is not usually talent but persistence.

On my way to work one morning, I met Rudy Ruettiger, who is now a

motivational speaker. He has grown up in Joliet, listening to stories about Notre Dame and dreaming of one day playing football there. Friends told him he wasn't a good enough student to be admitted. So he gave up his dream and went to work in a power plant.

Then a friend was killed in an accident at work. Shocked, Rudy suddenly realized that life is too short not to pursue your dreams.

In 1972, at the age of 23, he enrolled at Holy Cross Junior College in South Bend, Ind. He got good enough grades to transfer to Notre Dame, where he finally made the football team as a member of the “scout team”, the players who help the team prepare for games.

Rudy was living his dream, almost. But he wasn't allowed to suit up for the games themselves. The next year, after Rudy requested it, the coach told Rudy he could put on his uniform for the season's final game. And there he sat, on the Notre Dame bench during the game. A student started shouting, “We want Rudy!” Soon others joined in. Finally, at the age of 27, with 27 seconds left to play, Rudy Ruettiger was sent onto the field-and made the final tackle (阻截). So his team won the game.

When I met Rudy 17 year later, it was in the parking lot outside Notre Dame stadium (体育场), where a camera crew was filming scenes for Rudy, a motion picture about his life. His story illustrates that there is no limit to where your dreams can take you.

21. The writer believes that the key to achieving success is__________ . A. developing one's talent B. seizing opportunities C. having wide vision D. sticking to one's goal

22. According to the passage, Rudy once gave up his dream of playing football for Notre Dame because ________. A. his friend was killed there

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B. his foot was injured in an accident C. he lacked confidence in himself D. he failed in the entrance examination

23. Rudy quit his job in the power plant because _________. A. his friend encouraged him to B. his outlook on life changed C. he was disappointed in his future D. he was shocked by his friend's death 24. Rudy was transferred to Notre Dame ______. A. as a good student B. as a good player C. with the help of a coach D. with the help of a friend

25. A camera crew was making a movie about Rudy's life because _________. A. Rudy was the oldest player at Notre Dame B. Rudy succeeded in realizing his dream C. Rudy was the best speaker at Notre Dame D. Rudy succeeded in developing his ability Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

NASA, the U.S. space agency, believes there's a good chance that we're not alone in the universe. Last fall, NASA began a new project called the High

Resolution Microwave Survey (HRMS). Its aim: to find evidence of life in one of the billions of galaxies in the universe.

The search for intelligent life on other planets isn't new. It began almost 100 years ago. That's when scientists built a huge transmitter to send radio waves into space. Scientists thought smart beings on other planets might pick up the signals.

Scientists also have sent a message about humans and our solar system to a nearby constellation (星座). But because the constellation is 25,000 light years

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away, a return message wouldn't reach Earth for 50,000 years! So don't wait up for an answer.

So far, no extraterrestrial (地球外的) beings that we know of have returned our “calls.” But according to Dr. Jill Tarter, an HRMS scientist, we haven't exactly had our ears wide open. “Now, however,” says Dr. Tarter, “we've built the tools we need to listen well.”

Last October, Dr. Tarter switched on the largest radio receiver in the world. It's an enormous metal bowl stretching 1,000 feet across a valley in Puerto Rico. Meanwhile, another NASA scientist turned on a huge radio receiver in California's Mojave Desert. NASA hopes these big dishes-and others around the world-will pick up radio signals from new world.

Dr. Frank Drake has been searching for life in outer space for years. He explains the HRMS project this way: To listen to your radio, you move the tuner on the dial until the channels come in loud and clear: Now imagine radio

receivers that scan our galaxy “listening” to 14 million channels every second. That's what NASA's radio receivers in Puerto Rico and California are doing. But that's not all. Powerful computers hooked to the receivers examine every signal carefully. The computers try to match the signals to ones that scientists already recognize, such as human-made signals. If they can't, Drake and Tarter check on them. “It could prove there is radio technology elsewhere in the universe,” says Dr. Tarter. “And that would mean we're not alone.” 26. NASA scientists started a new project in order to _______. A. discover life in other galaxies B. send human beings into space C. find evidence of a new galaxy D. confirm the number of galaxies

27. According to Dr. Jill Tarter, the reason why we haven't received any return messages from outer space is that_______. A. our ears are not sharp enough to hear them B. our equipment hasn't been good enough

C. it takes millions of years for them to reach us D. it takes quite a long time to send them

28. Dr. Jill Tarter compares the large receiver to _______. A. the human ear

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B. the universe C. a metal bowl D. a huge dish

29. According to Dr. Frank Drake, NASA's radio receivers in Puerto Rico and California are _______.

A. trying to check on every channel carefully B. moving the tuner on the dial for clear channels C. scanning the universe for possible signals D. picking up radio signals from new world 30. The best title of this passage is ________. A. Signals from the Space

B. The Invention of New Radio Receivers C. The Intelligent Life in Outer Space D. NASA Listens for Space Neighbors

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Even a careful motorist(开汽车的人) may commit a motoring offence (违法).In this case, he will appear in a police court .This is a court ruled by a judge without a jury (陪审团).A judge has powers to pass sentence for relatively minor offences only; serious charges are dealt with by a judge and a jury.

In certain cases, a motoring offender may choose to go before a judge and a jury, instead of appearing before just a judge .A court is also used for the conduct of preliminary investigations to determine whether or not a motoring offender shall appear for trial in a higher court.

When his case comes up in court, the motorist hears his name called by the clerk of the court, and comes forward to identify himself. The judge then calls for the policeman who charged the offender and asks him to give evidence. He is expected to give an account of what happened when the offence was committed and to mention any special circumstances. For example the offence may have been partly due to the foolishness of another motorist. It would be unwise

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for the motoring offender to exaggerate this. It will not help his case to try to blame someone else for his own mistake.

If you are guilty, it is of course wise to admit it and say you're sorry for committing the offence and taking up the court's time .Judges are not heartless and a motorist may be lucky enough to hear one say: “You've got good

reasons ,but you have broken the law and I'll have to impose a fine .Pay five pounds. Next case.”

Some short-tempered people forget that both policemen and judges have a

public duty to perform, and are rude to them. This does not pay! A judge will not let off an offender merely because he is respectful, but a polite law-breaker may certainly hope that the judge will extend him what tolerance the law permits. 31. Even a careful motorist may be asked to go to a police court for______. A. an injury B. a motoring offence C. refusing to pay a fine D. being rude to the policeman

32. The underlined word “one” (paragraph 5) refers to _____. A. a jury member B. a police officer C. a motorist D. a judge

33. A motoring offender is usually charged by ______. A. a judge B. a jury C. a policeman D. another motorist

34. It is foolish for a motoring offender to _______. A. overstate another motorist's mistake B. mention someone else's foolishness C. argue that he is not guilty D. choose to go before a jury

35. If a man knows that he is guilty, he should ______. A. be polite to the policeman and the judge

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B. try his best to appear before just a judge C. save the court's time and pay the fine D. admit the wrong and say sorry to the court

四、将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个词的词类和第一个字母以及用短线表示的其余字母数，已给出。(共20分)

36. 乐意地，容易地ad. r _ _ _ _ 37. 日常工作，常规 n. r_ _ _ _ _ _ 38. 多数，大半n. m_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39. 永恒的，不断的a. c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40. 偏袒的，部分的a. p_ _ _ _ _ _ 41. 漆工，画家n. p _ _ _ _ _ _ 42. 跳跃，飞跃v. l _ _ _ 43.易管理的a. m _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44. 缩短，减少 vi. s_ _ _ _ _ _ 45. 软毛，毛皮n. f_ _

46. 意图，打算 n. i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47. 情形，身份n. s_ _ _ _ _ 48. 软管，地铁n. t_ _ _ 49. 口头的，口的a. o_ _ _ 50. 牺牲品，受害者n. v_ _ _ _ _ 51. 鉴赏，感谢vt. a_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52. 目标，球门n. g_ _ _ 53. 装置，方法 n. d_ _ _ _ _ 54. 分配，委派vt. a_ _ _ _ _ 55. 娱乐，消遣n. a_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

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五、将括号内的各词变为适当的形式。（共10分）

56. Should doctors be allowed_________(take) the lives of others?

57. Two of _________(big) earthquakes that were ever recorded took place in China and Alaska.

58. Electronic amplifiers also made possible a fantastic in volume, the music ______(become) as loud and penetrating as the human ear could stand.

59. Every decision has constraints ______ (base) on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like.

60. The more seriously this is sought, ______(likely ) positive attitudes towards leisure as well academic work will be encouraged.

61. Attempts to break up this old system _______(make ) in every presidential election in the past one hundred years.

62. These mine planets, together with the sun, make up what _______(call) our solar system.

63. Nations are classified as “aged” when they have 7% or more of their people aged 65 or above, and by about 1970 every one of the advanced countries______(become) like this.

64. ______（watch）over by guards with guns, the convicts raised their legs in unison and made their way to the edge of the highway.

65. Either of these factors could account for some individuals _____ (be) able to do well using inefficient methods.

六、将下列各句翻译成英语。(共15分）

66. 我不知道他是否能够提供有力的证据。 67. 他说的与事实完全相反。

68. 如果他被迫去做他不乐意做的事，他不可能高兴的。 69. 处理这项事务的政府部门没有做统计。 70. 短缺并未严重到你报道的那种程度。

七、将下列短文翻译成汉语。(共15分)

When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible --- and it can be surprisingly helpful to your physical and mental health. Indeed, research has shown that people who forgive report more energy, better appetite and better sleep patterns.

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So when someone has hurt you, calm yourself. Take a couple of deep breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, someone you love. Don’t wait for an apology(道歉). Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean accepting the action of the person who upset you. Try to see thing from the other person’s perspective. You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance, fear—even love. You may want to write a letter to yourself from that person’s point of view.

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２０１０年７月自考试卷

I.语法、词汇。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并将所选答案的字母填在

答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)

Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer．(15 points) 1．She was invited to go to the ball but she did not even have ______ to go with her dress． A．a piece of jewelry C．a jewelry

B．piece of jewelry D．one jewelry

2．I'd like to have ______ with you sometime this week about your approaching exams． A．a word C．some words

3．What _______ honest man he is! A．a C．the

B．/ D. an

B．some word D．one word

4．Tomorrow it will be cloudy, with a few sunny ______ ． A． intervals C．steps

B．periods D．instance

5．The coach felt that he was responsible ______his team's total failure in the championships． A．at C．in

B．for D．on

6．_______to the dinner party, he went to a movie to kill time． A．Not to be invited C．Having not been invited

B．Not having been invited D．Not having invited

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7．In many parts of the world the only _______ water supply lies below the ground．

A．continuous C．instant

B．permanent D．constant

8．He is determined to get _______ of the profit than he had been offered． A．ten percent more C．more ten percent

B．ten more percent D．as many as ten percent

9.The temple was built on a hillside, _______was a pleasant，winding valley． A．by which C．below which

B．under which D．down which

10．I would have gone with you，but I _______too tired． A．was C．must be

B．had been D．must have been

11．Mark often attempts to escape _______ whenever he breaks traffic regulations．

A．having been fined C．to be fined

B．to have been fined D．being fined

12．We didn't know his telephone number；otherwise we _______ him. A．would have telephoned C．would telephone

B．must have telephoned D．had telephoned

13．That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but _______ the police. A．called in C．call in

B．calling in D．to call in

14．They took _______ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping. A．fruitful C．valid

B．beneficial D．effective

15．Until then，his family __________ from him for six months. A．didn't hear

B．hasn't been hearing

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C．hasn't heard

D．hadn't heard

Ⅱ．完形填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并将所选答案的字母填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)

Fill in each blank in the passage with the most likely answer．(15 points) Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century．Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street．Main Street was always in the heart of a town．This street was 16 on both sides with many various businesses． Here，shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise：clothing, furniture， hardware，groceries． 17 ，some shops offered 18 ．These shops included drugstores，restaurants， shoe repair stores，and barber or hairdressing

shops． 19 in the 1950s，a change began to 20 ．Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street 21

too few parking places were 22 shoppers．Because the streets were crowded，merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces 23 the city

limits．Open space is what their car driving customers needed．And open space is what they got when the first shopping center was built．Shopping centers，or rather malls， 24 as a collection of small new stores 25

crowded city centers．Attracted by hundreds of free parking space，customers were drawn away from 26 areas to outlying malls．And the growing 27 of shopping centers led 28

to the building of bigger and better stocked stores． 29 the late 1970s，many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves．In addition to providing the convenience of one stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks， 30 benches，fountains，and outdoor entertainment. 16．A．built 17．A．Apart from

B．designed B．However

C．intended C．In addition C．cosmetics C．Contrarily

D．lined D．As well D．services D．But

18．A．medical care B．food 19．A．Suddenly

B．Abruptly

20．A．be taking place B．take place C．be taken place D．have taken place

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21．A．while B．yet C．though D．and then D．ready for D．outside D．organized D．near D．downtown D．1iking D．further D．Towards D．provided

22．A．available for B．available to C．used by 23．A．over 24．A．started 25．A．out of 26．A．inner 27．A．distinction 28．A．on 29．A．By 30．A．because of

B．from B．founded B．away from B．central B．fame B．in turn B．During B．and

C．out of C．set up C．next to C．shopping C. popularity C．by turns C．In C．with

Ⅲ．难句释义。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并将所选答案的字母填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)

Choose the closest paraphrased version for each of the sentences or italicized parts．(10 points) 31．I attended the funeral with them and sat through it with a lump of cold lead in my chest and a big resolution growing through me． A．Throughout the funeral，I was filled with sadness． B．The sad atmosphere of the funeral almost choked me．

C．At the funeral I felt as cold as lead from beginning to end． D．All the time I sat at the funeral with a heart as heavy as lead．

32．I don't think I'd have dared to approach you if you'd looked the least bit as I always imagined． A．If you had been more handsome I wouldn't have had the courage to come over

and speak to you． B．If I had found you as handsome as I had always imagined，I wouldn't have spoken to you.

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C．It was only when I found you didn't look smart at all that I decided to speak to you． D．It was only when I found you less handsome that I was that I have the

courage to speak to you． 33．When Hughie came in he found Trevor putting the finishing touches to a wonderful life-size picture of a beggar-man. A．Trevor was adding some decorations B．Trevor was making some correction． C．Trevor had just checked a few details D．Trevor had almost finished the picture

34．The beauty of our country —or at least all of its south of North Scotland—is as hard to define as it is easy to enjoy． A．The beauty of our country is easy to enjoy but difficult to describe． B．It is difficult both to state the beauty of our country and to really appreciate it． C．It is more difficult to really appreciate the beauty of our country than to give it a definition． D．To discover the beauty of our country requires much intelligence, but to

define it is a different matter. 35．That did not answer；the sherry was a little too dry．

A．His efforts of selling sherry proved a failure；the sherry was not moist enough．

B．Nobody answered his hawking；people did not buy his sherry because it was too dry． C．His trail of selling sherry did not provide a solution；he soon became tired of it again． D．He did not get money in this business；the sherry dried out and he had nothing to sell． 36．Nothing was too good for that child(Laura)． A．Laura deserved whatever her parents did for her． B．Laura was a spoilt child and she was hard to please．

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C．Laura never took her parents’ love and care for granted． D．Laura was untouched no matter what her parents did for her． 37．No one really expects a vacation trip to produce a close friend． A．Not everyone believes that people they meet during a holiday trip could

become close friends． B．Not everyone thinks close friendship can be developed among fellow travelers

during a vacation trip． C．People everywhere are so eager for friendship that they want to make close

friends during a vacation trip． D．Though they may hope so．People don’t think it is possible to form close

friendship during a holiday trip． 38．Child is a believing creature．Cliff undoubtedly believed them． A．A child always wants adults to believe him． B．A child readily accepts what adults say．

C．A child never rejects what adults tell him to do． D．A child never thinks that adults can be right．

39．The hero created himself；the celebrity is created by the media．

A．The hero was admired for what they had done for society；the celebrity burst

onto the scene by the work of the media． B．The hero made it through their own efforts；the celebrity achieves fame

because of his good relations with the media． C．The hero of the past was active；today's celebrity is passive． D．The hero publicized himself；the celebrity is publicized by the media 40．In strict truth an invention is almost never the sole product of any one mind．

A．It is true that no invention is so intelligent and competent that he can hit

upon a good idea alone． B．Precisely, no product can be perfected by the sole inventor；it takes more

than one man to do the job． C．Strictly speaking，nearly all inventions are the result of the combined effort of many people．

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D．Truly, if inventors want to create something wonderful they must put their minds together

Ⅳ．阅读理解。阅读短文，根据短文的内容从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并将所选答案的字母填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)

Read the two passages and answer the questions．(20 points) Passage 1

Britain almost more than any other country in the world must seriously face the problem of building upwards，that is to say of accommodating a considerable proportion of its population in high blocks of flats．It is said that the

Englishman objects to this type of existence，but if the case is such, he does in fact differ from the inhabitants of most countries of the world today．In the past our own blocks of flats have been associated with the lower-income groups and they have lacked the obvious provisions，such as central heating，constant hot water supply, electrically operated lifts from top to bottom，as well as such details，important notwithstanding(然而)，as easy facilities for disposal of dust and rubbish and storage places for baby carriages on the ground floor,

playgrounds for children on the top of the buildings，and drying grounds for washing．It is likely that the dispute regarding flats versus(对抗)individual houses will continue to rage on for a long time as far as Britain is

concerned．And it is unfortunate that there should be hot feelings on both sides whenever this subject is raised．Those who oppose the building of flats base their case primarily on the assumption(设想)that everyone prefers an individual home and garden and on the high cost per unit of accommodation．The latter

ignores the higher cost of providing full services to a scattered community and the cost in both money and time of the journeys to work for the suburban resident．

41．We can infer from the passage that________．

A．English people，like most people in other countries，dislike living in flats B．people in most countries of the world today are not opposed to living in flats

C．people in Britain are forced to move into high blocks of flats D．modern flats still fail to provide the necessary facilities for living

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42．What is said about the blocks of flats built in the past in Britain? A．They were mostly inhabited by people who did not earn much． B．They were usually not large enough to accommodate big families． C．They were sold to people before necessary facilities were installed． D．They provided playground for children on the top of the buildings． 43.The word “rage” means“________”． A．be ignored

C．encourage people greatly

B．develop with great force D．be in fashion

44．Some people oppose the building of flats because__________． A．the living expenses for each individual family are higher B．it involves higher cost compared with the building of houses C．they believe people like to live in houses with gardens

D. the disposal of rubbish remains a problem for those living in flats 45．The author mentions that people who live in suburban houses__________． A．do not have access to easy facilities because they live away from the city B．have to pay a lot of money to employ people to do service work

C．take longer time to know each other because they are a scattered community D．have to spend more money and time traveling to work every day Passage 2

Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer．I always encourage such people， but also explain that there's a big difference between“being a writer”and writing．In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame，not the long hours alone at a typewriter．“You've got to want to write，”I say to them，“not want to be a writer”．

The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor paying affair．For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded．When I left a 20-year career in the U．S．Coast Guard to become a freelance writer(自由撰稿人)，I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me in my room in a New York apartment building．It didn't even

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matter that it was cold and had no bathroom．I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer．

After a year or so，however, I still hadn't gotten a break and began to doubt myself．It was so hard to sell a story that barely made enough to eat．But I knew I wanted to write．I had dreamed about it for years．I wasn't going to be one of those people who die wondering．What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test even enough it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure．This is the Shadow land of hope，and anyone with a dream must learn to live there． 46．The passage is meant to________．

A．warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experience

B．advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writer C．show young people it's unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fame D．encourage young people to pursue a writing career 47．What can be concluded from the passage?

A．Genuine writers often find their work interesting and rewarding． B．A writer's success depends on luck rather than on effort． C．Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolation． D．The chances for a writer to become successful are small．

48．Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing career? A．He wasn't able to produce a single book． B．He hadn't seen a change for better life． C．He wasn't able to have a rest for a whole year． D．He found his dream would never come true．

49．“„people who die wondering．What if?”refers to“those_______”． A．who think too much of the dark side of life B．who regret giving up their career halfway C．who think a lot without making a decision D．who are full of imagination even upon death

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50．“Shadow land”in the last sentence refers to_______． A．the wonder land one often dreams about

B．the bright future that one is looking forward to

C．the state of uncertainty before one's final goal is reached D．a world that exists only in one's imagination ．

V．词形转换。将括号里提供的词转换成适当的词形填入答题纸上相应的位置。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)

Complete each of the following sentences with a(compound)word derived from the one(s)

given in brackets．(10 points)

51．If we don't start out now, we must risk _______the train．(miss) 52．It took her a couple of hours to ______________the new words in the text．(memory)

53．A new _______drug has been developed recently．(cancer)

54．Gandhi was famous for his _______and negotiation policy．(violent) 55．He was very _______to his wife in all ways．(help)

56．His sudden _______kept him in Beijing for three months．(ill) 57．_______helps one to go forward．(modest)

58．The professor gave a very _______lecture on the market economy yesterday．(inform)

59．Never indulge in _______as it's harmful to your health．(drink) 60．It’s only a(n)_______meeting，and you don’t have to be in full dress．(formal)

Ⅵ．句子翻译。将下列句子译成英语，译文写在答题纸上相应的位置。(本大题共5小题，

每小题3分，共15分)

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Translate the following sentences into English．(15 points) 61．我只不过是想关心别人，也希望受到他人的关心，我的要求并不过分。 62．在中国一般的城市家庭由三个成员组成——父亲、母亲和孩子。 63．母亲从不屈服于在我成长过程中遇到的困难。 64．那次不寻常的经历使鲍勃变成一个耐心、宽容的人。 65．“置于儿童不能拿到之处。”

Ⅶ．作文。根据所学的一篇课文，写出150字左右的短文。(本大题共1小题，共15分)

Write a short composition of about 150 words based on one of the texts you have learnt． (15 points)

66．“Every student should regularly experience the ‘Aha!’— when something you never

understood，or something you never knew was a mystery, becomes clear．”

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KEYS

Unit 1

I. 1.C 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.B Ⅱ. 1.guarantee 2.porpose 3.regulary 4.exact 5.similar Ⅲ. 1.depend 2.incoomplete 3.communicate 4.put

Ⅳ. 1.Successful language learner are similar in many ways.

2.Parrots can talk like a man.

3.It is difficult for beginners to learn to think in English.

4.Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, we should try to find the answer to the question. Unit 2

Ⅰ. 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.C

Ⅱ. 1.fund 2.salaried 3.constantly 4.particular 5.attractive 6.diverse 7.complain 8.addition 9.section 10.estimate

Ⅲ. 1.was raining 2.worst 3.had been postponed 4.Generally 5.identifies Ⅳ. 1.Advertising is only part of the total sales effort. 2.The sales tax is similar to the income tax.

3.There are generally three levels of government in the United States. 4.Americans always complain about high taxes.

5.Salaried people must pay a certain percentage of their salaries as income tax. Unit 3

Ⅰ. 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D

Ⅱ. 1.becalm 2.region 3.iceberg 4.absolutely 5.unwilling 6.stream 7.observation 8.continually

Ⅲ. 1.unwilling 2.goes 3.separated 4.will finish 5.coming Ⅳ. 1.The Atlantic Ocean seems to have grown smaller. 2.The Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific.

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3.Early sailors were unwilling to sail across the Atlantic Ocean. 4.The moon gives no light of its own.

5.The moon’s distance from the earth remains the same. Unit 4

Ⅰ. 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.D 10.D

Ⅱ. 1.organization 2.meaningful 3.ability 4.mental 5.interval 6.categorize 7.accurately 8.interrupt

Ⅲ. 1.findings 2.rewarded 3.advanced 4.sense 5.compared

Ⅳ. 1.To improve memory, people need to organize the items to be remembered. 2.There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term.

3.Needless to say, it is useful to know how these principles work. 4.Assciiatiom helps to improve one’s memory.

5.Needless to say, the second word list can be remembered more easily than the first one. Unit 5

Ⅰ. 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.A

Ⅱ. 1.quality 2.poisonous 3.digest 4.substitute 5.instinct 6.bravery 7.civilized 8.chiefly 9.engage 10.creature

Ⅲ. Magical 2.arrangement 3.supposed 4.engaged 5.connected

Ⅳ. 1.Even today there are a lot of people who believe that fish is the best brain food.

2.As a matter of fact, bread chiefly contains proteins.

3.It was generally believed in the past that orange juice and milk should not be drunk at the same meal.

4.The shepherd dog understands very well how to take care of sheep. 5.The animals are said to do such things by instinct. Unit 6

Ⅰ. 1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.D 10.D

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Ⅱ. 1.experienced 2.substance 3.popular 4.observe 5.dwelling 6destroy 7.crush 8.pressure 9.somewhat 10.beneath

Ⅲ. 1.formation 2.has been dead 3.were watching 4.made 5.sorting

Ⅳ. 1.Plants are the true fairies that are forever working wonders around us. 2.Many people believe that the main difference between animals and plants is that animals can move about while plants cannot.

3.Diamonds are the hardest substance found in nature.

4.There are only four areas in the world where very many diamonds have been found.

5.Diamonds have much to do with modern industry. Unit 7

Ⅰ. 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.A

Ⅱ. 1.nuclear 2.security 3.devorce 4.basically 5.partner 6.industrialize 7.society 8.definition 9.structure 10.dependent

Ⅲ. 1.industriallized 2.split 3.addition 4.sell 5.extended

Ⅳ. 1.No matter of the history is young or old, large or small, traditional or modern, every family has a sense of what a family is.

2.Today in most nuclear families, both the husband and the wife earn money for the family.

3.The single parent family and remarried family are two new family forms. 4.Although there are several similarities between the traditional and the modern family, there are also some very important differences.

5.The nuclear family usually consists of the father and mother and their children.

Unit 8

Ⅰ. 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.D Ⅱ. 1.could not 2.displaying 3.travels 4.surrounding

Ⅲ. 1.Computers store information while television displays information. 2.Satellites are capable of transmitting not only television broadcasts, but(also) telephone calls and printed materials such as books and magazines.

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3.The satellite demonstrated how it could provide help to people living in isolated areas where transportation is difficult.

4.The Olympic Games held in Tokyo, Japan, was the first program ever transmitted via satellite.

5.Tllecommunication make information from around the world available to us quickly and easily.

Unit 9

Ⅰ. 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.A 9.D 10.B

Ⅱ. 1.cultivated 2.concerns 3.classification 4.formal 5.grown-ups

Ⅲ. 1.Our languages includes a large number of words which are relatively seldom used in ordinary conversation.

2.The learned words are of great importance to scientists and technologists.

3.The popular words are those frequently used by the people at large. 4.When you see in black and white the definition you had expected, what a feeling of success is yours.

5.There are no absolute definitions applied to these terms. Unit 10

Ⅰ. 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.B

Ⅱ. 1.scientifically 2.confidence 3.regardless 4.be made up 5.staying Ⅲ. 1.Man wondered where the sun went at night and why the sky was blue. 2.In many case the solutions to real problems cannot be seen in advance.

3.Our ancestors always wondered why wind blew and the leaves fell.

4.Respect for new ideas is important for continued progress in all fields of knowledge.

5.The right answers can be obtained only if the right question are asked. Unit 11

Ⅰ. 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.B Ⅱ. 1.Rising 2.expressive 3.provided 4.lower 5.referred

Ⅲ. 1.They set out the unwanted objects on the front yard of their home and waited to see if any one would come.

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2.If convenience isn’t as important to you as price, you may want to shop in some of the discount stores.

3.Some people have made garage-sale shipping into a hobby.

4.The vast majority of Americans do all their food shipping in supermarket. 5.Remember, nothing hurts concentrations more than reading too slowly. Unit 12

Ⅰ. 1.D 2.D 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B

Ⅱ. 1.bore 2.printed 3.be influenced 4.To define 5. Are alphabetized Ⅲ. 1.Dictionares and grammars are the supreme authority in matters of the meaning and usage of a word.

2.The editor cannot be influenced by what he thinks a given word ought to mean.

3.Your mind will keep up with your reading speed if you ask it to. 4.It is widely believed that every word has a correct meaning, and that we learn these meanings mainly from teachers and grammarians.

5.the cards must be alphabetized and sorted. Unit 13

Ⅰ. 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.B

Ⅱ. 1.injured 2.better 3.dressed 4.to discuss 5.professional

Ⅲ. 1.Insurance agents remind us of the possibilities of illness, injury, accident and death.

2.Many agents selling may different policies call us by phone and sometimes even come to our doors.

3.Althugh insurance can be complex, its basic concept are neither difficult nor impossible to learn.

4.We cannot depend entirely on the agent when we buy insurance. Unit 14

Ⅰ. 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.C 10.A

Ⅱ. 1.fixed 2.collection 3.helpful 4.to be 5.may have been taken

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Ⅲ. 1.Do you know that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his succeed.

2.Because of their ignorance these kids will never understand why others can succeed.

3.Do you find any other parents who share your views?

4.These healthy video tapes can be used as an alternative to TV viewing. 5.In most people, muscle development is not the same in both legs, so that it is probable that the steps will be uneven. Unit 15

Ⅰ. 1.exception 2.soloing 3.is put 4.seated 5.viewing 6.Given 7.monitored 8.restrictions

Ⅱ. 1.Do you find any other parents who share your views?

2.These healthy video tapes can be used as an alternative to TV viewing. 3.Children might apply the behavior observed on TV programs to their real-life situations.

4.Controlling TV viewing is easier to do during the preschool years than during the school years.

5.We should learn to distinguish from wrong. Unit 16

Ⅰ. 1.have taken place 2.responsible 3.technology 4.harmful 5.lacking

Ⅱ. 1.Heart disease is associated with stress, smoking and lack of exercise. 2.It is well known that the preventing of diseases is much more important than the treatment of them.

3.Retired people may take up some hobby.

4.In the past twenty, remarkable changes have taken place in China. They understand that they must take responsibility for their own health. Unit 17

Ⅰ. 1.conducting 2.approximate 3.anxiety 4.confirming 5.disturbance

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Ⅱ. 1.He suffers from headaches these days and was finally sent to hospital for a medical examination.

2.A panic attack victim usually suffers at least four symptoms, while a heart attack victim often experiences only pain and shortness of breath.

3.A boy was reported to have the habit of getting up in the middle of the night.

4.Studies show that women are more likely to suffer panic attacks than men. 5.Once it has been confirmed that he or she is suffering from a panic attack, the victim should seek psychological and medical treatment. Unit 18

Ⅰ. 1.D 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.B Ⅱ. 1.leading 2.speaking 3.reading 4.equally Ⅲ. 1.In which direction does the road lead to? 2.The blue lines on the map represent rivers.

3.His estimate of China was far from being accurate. 4.That’swhat we assume, but it is not easy to prove.

5.Suddemly the other train seems to start pulling ahead of ours.

Test paper One

一、1-5 C 二 11-15 D

C C

B D B

C B C

A

D

A 6-10

A

D

C A 16-20 B A B B

三 21-25 D D 31-35 C

B B D A C B 26-30 A D

A B A C

四36. 乐意地，容易地ad. r _ _ _ _ 正确答案：readily 37. 日常工作，常规 n. r_ _ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：routine 38. 多数，大半n. m_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：majority 39. 永恒的，不断的a. c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：constant 40. 偏袒的，部分的a. p_ _ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：partial

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41. 漆工，画家n. p _ _ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：painter 42. 跳跃，飞跃v. l _ _ _ 正确答案：leap

43.易管理的a. m _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：manageable 44. 缩短，减少 vi. s_ _ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：shorten 45. 软毛，毛皮n. f_ _ 正确答案：fur

46. 意图，打算 n. i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：intention 47. 情形，身份n. s_ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：status 48. 软管，地铁n. t_ _ _ 正确答案：tube 49. 口头的，口的a. o_ _ _ 正确答案：oral 50. 牺牲品，受害者n. v_ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：victim

51. 鉴赏，感谢vt. a_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：appreciate 52. 目标，球门n. g_ _ _ 正确答案：goal 53. 装置，方法 n. d_ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：device 54. 分配，委派vt. a_ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：assign 55. 娱乐，消遣n. a_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 正确答案：amusement 五、将括号内的各词变为适当的形式。（共10分）

56. Should doctors be allowed_________(take) the lives of others? 正确答案：to take

57. Two of _________(big) earthquakes that were ever recorded took place in China and Alaska.

正确答案：the biggest

58. Electronic amplifiers also made possible a fantastic in volume, the music ______(become) as loud and penetrating as the human ear could stand. 正确答案：becoming

59. Every decision has constraints ______ (base) on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like. 正确答案：based

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60. The more seriously this is sought, ______(likely ) positive attitudes towards leisure as well academic work will be encouraged. 正确答案：the more likely

61. Attempts to break up this old system _______(make ) in every presidential election in the past one hundred years. 正确答案：have been made

62. These mine planets, together with the sun, make up what _______(call) our solar system.

正确答案：is called

63. Nations are classified as “aged” when they have 7% or more of their people aged 65 or above, and by about 1970 every one of the advanced countries______(become) like this. 正确答案：had become

64. ______（watch）over by guards with guns, the convicts raised their legs in unison and made their way to the edge of the highway. 正确答案：watched

65. Either of these factors could account for some individuals _____ (be) able to do well using inefficient methods. 正确答案：being

六、将下列各句翻译成英语。(共15分）

66. I wonder if he can provide positive proof. 67. What he said was totally opposed to the facts.

68. If he is compelled to do what he does not enjoy doing, he cannot be happy. 69. The government department that deals with this does not keep statistics. 70. The shortage do not exist to the extent that you report. 七

你受到极大伤害后很难克制住怒火，不过宽恕对方还是有可能做到的，而且这样做对你的身心健康会带来意想不到的好处。的确，研究表明：怀有宽恕之心的人们往往体力更充沛、胃口及睡眠更好。

所以，你受到伤害后，应该保持平静。先做二、三次深呼吸，再想想那些令你高兴的事，如大自然的美景、你所钟爱的人等等。不要等待道歉，并且记住这样一句话：宽恕并不一定意

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味着接受对方对你的冒犯之举。尝试一下从对方的视角出发看问题。你也许会发现他或她是出于无知、害怕、甚至是爱才如此行事的。你可以站在对方的立场上给自己写封信。

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